{"title":"Blue LED trap and commercial lure improve western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) monitoring in cucumber crops","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01752-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Blue sticky traps contribute substantially to monitoring the western flower thrips, <em>Frankliniella occidentalis</em> Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in greenhouses. Although sticky traps can detect the initial presence of thrips reliably, an estimation of the actual thrips density in the crop by counting number of thrips on the traps is often not accurate. To overcome this issue, we compared blue sticky traps and newly developed sticky LED-enlightened traps in combination with the commercial thrips kairomone Lurem-TR under commercial growing conditions. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in cucumber, <em>Cucumis sativus</em> L. (Cucurbitaceae), crop stands in greenhouse cabins investigating the correlation between thrips caught on (LED) traps and the thrips density in the crop for an accurate and reliable thrips monitoring. Additionally, experiments aiming to understand underlying mechanisms of thrips orientation towards traps in different scenarios were conducted under controlled conditions. Results show that thrips catches on sticky LED enlightened coloured traps correlated strongly positive with number of thrips in the crop, especially at low thrips population densities. Adding Lurem to this trap type further improved accuracy of the correlation in the greenhouse cabin experiment. Moreover, LED traps with and without Lurem were more attractive towards thrips in small follow-up experiments compared to standard blue sticky traps. The results are discussed in the context of general orientation of thrips and its behaviour towards visual and olfactory cues when considering different scenarios. Our study shows the successful integration of blue LEDs into an existing trapping system and underlines the advantages compared with standard sticky plates. In conclusion, sticky LED enlightened coloured traps have a potential as an improved thrips monitoring device that might improve pest management decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Pest Science","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01752-7","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENTOMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Blue sticky traps contribute substantially to monitoring the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in greenhouses. Although sticky traps can detect the initial presence of thrips reliably, an estimation of the actual thrips density in the crop by counting number of thrips on the traps is often not accurate. To overcome this issue, we compared blue sticky traps and newly developed sticky LED-enlightened traps in combination with the commercial thrips kairomone Lurem-TR under commercial growing conditions. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. (Cucurbitaceae), crop stands in greenhouse cabins investigating the correlation between thrips caught on (LED) traps and the thrips density in the crop for an accurate and reliable thrips monitoring. Additionally, experiments aiming to understand underlying mechanisms of thrips orientation towards traps in different scenarios were conducted under controlled conditions. Results show that thrips catches on sticky LED enlightened coloured traps correlated strongly positive with number of thrips in the crop, especially at low thrips population densities. Adding Lurem to this trap type further improved accuracy of the correlation in the greenhouse cabin experiment. Moreover, LED traps with and without Lurem were more attractive towards thrips in small follow-up experiments compared to standard blue sticky traps. The results are discussed in the context of general orientation of thrips and its behaviour towards visual and olfactory cues when considering different scenarios. Our study shows the successful integration of blue LEDs into an existing trapping system and underlines the advantages compared with standard sticky plates. In conclusion, sticky LED enlightened coloured traps have a potential as an improved thrips monitoring device that might improve pest management decisions.
蓝色 LED 诱捕器和商品诱饵改善了黄瓜作物中西花蓟马（Frankliniella occidentalis）的监测工作
摘要 蓝色粘捕器对监测温室中的西花蓟马（Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande，蓟马科）有很大帮助。虽然粘性诱捕器能可靠地检测到蓟马的初始存在，但通过计算诱捕器上的蓟马数量来估计作物中蓟马的实际密度往往并不准确。为了解决这个问题，我们在商业种植条件下比较了蓝色粘性诱捕器和新开发的 LED 照明粘性诱捕器与商用蓟马杀灭剂 Lurem-TR 的组合。因此，我们在温室中的黄瓜（葫芦科）作物架上进行了一项实验，调查（LED）诱捕器上捕获的蓟马与作物中蓟马密度之间的相关性，以实现准确可靠的蓟马监测。此外，还在受控条件下进行了旨在了解蓟马在不同情况下向诱捕器定向的基本机制的实验。结果表明，在 LED 发光的粘性彩色诱捕器上捕获的蓟马与作物中的蓟马数量密切相关，尤其是在蓟马种群密度较低的情况下。在温室小屋实验中，将 Lurem 添加到这种诱捕器中进一步提高了相关性的准确性。此外，在小型后续实验中，与标准的蓝色粘性诱捕器相比，添加和未添加 Lurem 的 LED 诱捕器对蓟马更有吸引力。在考虑不同情况时，我们结合蓟马的一般取向及其对视觉和嗅觉线索的行为对结果进行了讨论。我们的研究表明，蓝色 LED 成功融入了现有的诱捕系统，并强调了与标准粘板相比的优势。总之，LED发光粘性彩色诱捕器有可能成为一种改进的蓟马监测设备，从而改进害虫管理决策。
期刊介绍：
Journal of Pest Science publishes high-quality papers on all aspects of pest science in agriculture, horticulture (including viticulture), forestry, urban pests, and stored products research, including health and safety issues.
Journal of Pest Science reports on advances in control of pests and animal vectors of diseases, the biology, ethology and ecology of pests and their antagonists, and the use of other beneficial organisms in pest control. The journal covers all noxious or damaging groups of animals, including arthropods, nematodes, molluscs, and vertebrates.
Journal of Pest Science devotes special attention to emerging and innovative pest control strategies, including the side effects of such approaches on non-target organisms, for example natural enemies and pollinators, and the implementation of these strategies in integrated pest management.
Journal of Pest Science also publishes papers on the management of agro- and forest ecosystems where this is relevant to pest control. Papers on important methodological developments relevant for pest control will be considered as well.
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