Land Cover Change using GIS and RS Techniques of the Padma River Floodplain in the Three Adjacent Districts in Bangladesh

Jagannath University Journal of Science Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI:10.3329/jnujsci.v10i1.71249

Sameena Begum, Sultana Jahan Ophra, Arafat Hossain, Md Tasim Ferdous, Farhan Ahmed Rafid

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Abstract

Bangladesh is a nation characterized by its reliance on river systems for various aspects of its socio-economic and geographical features. The region experiences a significant number of natural disasters every year as a result of the existence of the river. The region undergoes regular riverbank erosion as a result of the continuous changing of river channels. This study aimed to assess the changing of the Padma River and its impact on land use and land cover in the three adjacent districts of Munshiganj, Madaripur, and Shariatpur. Geographic Information System (GIS) along with remote sensing (RS) techniques were employed to analyze data collected between 1988 and 2023. Best results in detecting land-use/land-cover type and identifying erosional impact were achieved using K-means cluster unsupervised image classification. The accuracy of image preprocessing and classification was separately evaluated using the kappa coefficient. For the years 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013, 2017, and 2023, the findings indicated an overall accuracy of 86.36%, 83.32%, 87.1%, 85.43%, 87.3%, 87.92%, 88.42%, 90.06% and a kappa coefficient of 83.02%, 83.32%, 86.66%,85.37%, 87.78%, 87.29%, 87.91%, 86.59% respectively. Arable land accounted for 56.40 percent of the overall accreted land area (26340.06 ha), whereas cropland accounted for just 5.99 percent (2798.10 ha) based on long-term river channel migration results. In 35 years, arable land (23661.21 ha) suffered the most erosion (55.42%), followed by inland water (3351.53 ha), which suffered the least (7.15%). The implementation of an embankment inside the research area is proposed as a potentially efficacious strategy for mitigating riverbank erosion in this particular region. The government may implement long-term rehabilitation projects to support individuals who have been displaced by bank erosion and are now landless. Jagannath University Journal of Science, Volume 10, Number I, Jun. 2023, pp. 43-54

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利用地理信息系统和 RS 技术研究孟加拉国三个邻近地区帕德玛河洪泛区的土地覆盖变化

孟加拉国的社会经济和地理特征的各个方面都依赖河流系统。由于河流的存在，该地区每年都会发生大量自然灾害。由于河道不断变化，该地区的河岸经常受到侵蚀。本研究旨在评估帕德玛河的变化及其对 Munshiganj、Madaripur 和 Shariatpur 三个相邻地区的土地利用和土地覆盖的影响。地理信息系统（GIS）和遥感（RS）技术被用于分析 1988 年至 2023 年期间收集的数据。采用 K-means 聚类无监督图像分类法，在检测土地利用/土地覆盖类型和识别侵蚀影响方面取得了最佳效果。使用卡帕系数分别评估了图像预处理和分类的准确性。结果表明，1988 年、1993 年、1998 年、2003 年、2008 年、2013 年、2017 年和 2023 年的总体准确率分别为 86.36%、83.32%、87.1%、85.43%、87.3%、87.92%、88.42%、90.06%，卡帕系数分别为 83.02%、83.32%、86.66%、85.37%、87.78%、87.29%、87.91%、86.59%。根据河道长期迁移结果，耕地占整个增殖土地面积（26340.06 公顷）的 56.40%，而耕地仅占 5.99%（2798.10 公顷）。35 年间，耕地（23661.21 公顷）遭受的侵蚀面积最大（55.42%），其次是内陆水域（3351.53 公顷），后者遭受的侵蚀面积最小（7.15%）。建议在研究区域内修建堤坝，作为减轻该地区河岸侵蚀的潜在有效策略。政府可实施长期恢复项目，为那些因河岸侵蚀而流离失所、现已失去土地的人提供支持。贾根纳特大学科学杂志》，第 10 卷，第 I 期，2023 年 6 月，第 43-54 页

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Jagannath University Journal of Science

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