Phytotoxicity effect of a highly toxic isolate of Alternaria alternata metabolites from Iran

IF 3.6 Q2 TOXICOLOGY
Atefeh Sedighi, Abbas Mohammadi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Alternaria species produce several mycotoxins, such as alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), altenuene (ALT), altertoxin (ATX), tentoxin (TTX) and tenuazonic acid (TeA). This research aimed to isolate and identify mycotoxins from highly toxic Alternaria alternata (w19) and A. tennuisima isolates and their phytotoxicity effects. Fungal metabolites were extracted from 21-day cultures of Alternaria in a Czapek broth medium with the organic solvent chloroform/acetone and identified using the HPLC method. Alternaria metabolites were infiltrated in vivo into several plant leaves for phytotoxicity detection. The study investigated the impact of temperature, time, and metabolite concentration on phytotoxicity using the detached leaf infiltration technique. Five mycotoxins (TTX, TeA, ALT, AOH, and AME) were detected in A. alternata W19 isolate with 959.24, 102.03, 24.01, 9.04, and 2.44 ppm, respectively. A. tennuisima produce these toxins in a lower concentration. Infiltration of fungal metabolites induced leaf chlorosis and necrosis, which differs based on temperature, concentration and plant species. Based on our knowledge, this is the first report of Alternaria mycotoxins in Iran and a highly toxic isolate of A. alternata with rapid phytotoxicity on a wide range of susceptible hosts.

伊朗高毒分离的交替孢属代谢物的植物毒性效应
交替缠绕菌会产生几种霉菌毒素,如交替二醇(AOH)、交替二醇单甲醚(AME)、赤烯(ALT)、变构毒素(ATX)、担子毒素(TTX)和天脲酸(TeA)。本研究旨在从剧毒交替Alternaria(w19)和A. tennuisima分离物中分离和鉴定霉菌毒素及其植物毒性效应。在 Czapek 肉汤培养基中,用有机溶剂氯仿/丙酮从培养 21 天的交替丝核菌中提取真菌代谢物,并采用高效液相色谱法进行鉴定。将交替孢霉代谢物渗入几种植物叶片中进行植物毒性检测。该研究利用离体叶片浸润技术研究了温度、时间和代谢物浓度对植物毒性的影响。在交替蚁 W19 分离物中检测到五种霉菌毒素(TTX、TeA、ALT、AOH 和 AME),含量分别为 959.24、102.03、24.01、9.04 和 2.44 ppm。A. tennuisima 产生这些毒素的浓度较低。真菌代谢物的渗入会导致叶片萎黄和坏死,不同的温度、浓度和植物种类会导致叶片萎黄和坏死。据我们所知,这是伊朗首次报道交替孢霉毒素,也是交替孢霉的一种高毒分离物,对多种易感寄主具有快速植物毒性。
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来源期刊
Toxicon: X
Toxicon: X Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Toxicology
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
33
审稿时长
14 weeks
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