Combined benthic and stream edge sampling better represent macroinvertebrate assemblages than benthic sampling alone along an aridity gradient

IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 LIMNOLOGY
Brian A. Gill, Daniel C. Allen, Meryl C. Mims, Thomas M. Neeson, Albert Ruhi, Carla L. Atkinson, Arial J. Shogren, Travis M. Apgar, Zacchaeus G. Compson, Stephen Cook, Daryl R. Trumbo, Michelle H. Busch, Kelsey D. Hollien, Kyle Leathers, Megan C. Malish, Grace L. O'Malley, Samuel Silknetter, Chelsea R. Smith, Howard Dunleavy, Michael T. Bogan
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Abstract

Studies of stream macroinvertebrates traditionally use sampling methods that target benthic habitats. These methods could underestimate biodiversity if important assemblage components exist outside of the benthic zone. To test the efficacy of different sampling methods, we collected paired reach-wide benthic and edge samples from up to 10 study reaches in nine basins spanning an aridity gradient across the United States. Edge sampling targeted riparian-adjacent microhabitats not typically sampled, including submerged vegetation, roots, and overhanging banks. We compared observed richness, asymptotic richness, and assemblage dissimilarity between benthic samples alone and different combinations of benthic and edge samples to determine the magnitude of increased diversity and assemblage dissimilarity values with the addition of edge sampling. We also examined how differences in richness and assemblage composition varied across an aridity gradient. The addition of edge sampling significantly increased observed richness (median increase = 29%) and asymptotic richness (median increase = 173%). Similarly, median Bray–Curtis dissimilarity values increased by as much as 0.178 when benthic and edge samples were combined. Differences in richness metrics were generally higher in arid basins, but assemblage dissimilarity either increased or decreased across the aridity gradient depending on how benthic and edge samples were combined. Our results suggest that studies that do not sample stream edges may significantly underestimate reach diversity and misrepresent assemblage compositions, with effects that can vary across climates. We urge researchers to carefully consider sampling methods in field studies spanning climatic zones and the comparability of existing data sets when conducting data synthesis studies.

在干旱梯度上,底栖生物和溪流边缘取样相结合比单独进行底栖生物取样更能代表大型无脊椎动物的集合体
对溪流大型无脊椎动物的研究传统上使用针对底栖生境的取样方法。如果重要的组合成分存在于底栖区域之外,这些方法可能会低估生物多样性。为了测试不同取样方法的效果,我们在美国干旱梯度的九个流域中收集了多达 10 个研究河段的成对底栖生物和边缘样本。边缘取样针对的是通常不取样的河岸邻近微生境,包括沉水植被、根系和悬岸。我们比较了单独的底栖样本与底栖样本和边缘样本的不同组合之间的观察富集度、渐近富集度和集合异质性,以确定增加边缘取样后多样性和集合异质性值的增加幅度。我们还研究了丰富度和集合组成在干旱梯度上的差异。增加边缘取样后,观察到的丰富度(中位数增加 = 29%)和渐近丰富度(中位数增加 = 173%)都有明显增加。同样,当底栖样本和边缘样本相结合时,Bray-Curtis 差异度中值增加了 0.178。在干旱盆地,丰富度指标的差异普遍较高,但根据底栖样本和边缘样本的组合方式,在整个干旱梯度上,集合体的差异要么增大,要么减小。我们的研究结果表明,未对溪流边缘进行取样的研究可能会大大低估河段的多样性,并错误地反映集合体的组成,其影响可能因气候而异。我们敦促研究人员在进行数据综合研究时,仔细考虑跨气候带野外研究的取样方法以及现有数据集的可比性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.70%
发文量
56
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods (ISSN 1541-5856) is a companion to ASLO''s top-rated journal Limnology and Oceanography, and articles are held to the same high standards. In order to provide the most rapid publication consistent with high standards, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods appears in electronic format only, and the entire submission and review system is online. Articles are posted as soon as they are accepted and formatted for publication. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods will consider manuscripts whose primary focus is methodological, and that deal with problems in the aquatic sciences. Manuscripts may present new measurement equipment, techniques for analyzing observations or samples, methods for understanding and interpreting information, analyses of metadata to examine the effectiveness of approaches, invited and contributed reviews and syntheses, and techniques for communicating and teaching in the aquatic sciences.
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