Characteristics of the presence and migration patterns of DOM between ice and water in the cold and arid Daihai Lake

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170876

Ting Pan , Yimeng Zhang , Fang Yang , Haiqing Liao , Weiying Feng , Fuhong Sun , Weilong Jiang , Qianqian Wang , Meichen Ji , Chenglei Yang , Matti Leppäranta

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Abstract

Seasonal ice cover plays a crucial role in shaping the physical characteristics of lakes in cold and arid regions. Moreover, the ice significantly affects the level and quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the water column. We utilized spectroscopy and mass spectrometry to analyze the molecular composition and distribution of DOM in ice cores and under-ice water in Daihai Lake. We identified the main environmental factors affecting DOM migration through structural equation modelling (SEM). The freezing process created a repulsive effect on DOM, with water samples demonstrating a greater DOM content than ice. The dominant part of the DOM in the ice cores was mainly comprised of protein-like materials (71.45 %), whereas water consisted of humus-like materials (54.81 %). The average molecular weight of the ice cover DOM (m/z = 396.77) was smaller than in the under-ice water (m/z = 405.42). While low-molecular and low-aromatic protein-like material tended to be trapped in the ice layer during ice formation, large-molecular and highly aromatic humic substances were more easily expelled into the water. Interestingly, condensed aromatic hydrocarbons were found to occur less frequently in the ice phase (11 %) compared to the aqueous phase (13 %). Both the lipid and protein/aliphatic compound structures exhibited slightly higher ratios in the ice (6 % and 8 %, respectively) than in water (1 % and 5 %, respectively). SEM between the ice cover environment and DOM indicated that the ice can influence the distribution pattern of DOM through the regulation of internal solute factors and other chemicals. The nature of the DOM and the rate of ice growth also play critical roles in determining the distribution mechanism of DOM for ice and water. The pollutant distribution characteristics and migration patterns between ice and water are essential for comprehending environmental water pollution and promoting pollution management and protection measures in cold region lakes.

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寒冷干旱的岱海湖冰水间 DOM 的存在特征和迁移模式

季节性冰盖对寒冷和干旱地区湖泊物理特性的形成起着至关重要的作用。此外，冰层对水体中溶解有机物（DOM）的含量和质量也有很大影响。我们利用光谱法和质谱法分析了岱海湖冰芯和冰下水体中 DOM 的分子组成和分布。我们通过结构方程模型（SEM）确定了影响 DOM 迁移的主要环境因素。冰冻过程对DOM产生了排斥作用，水样中的DOM含量高于冰样。冰芯中 DOM 的主要成分是蛋白质类物质（71.45%），而水中 DOM 的主要成分是腐殖质类物质（54.81%）。冰盖 DOM 的平均分子量（m/z = 396.77）小于冰下水（m/z = 405.42）。在冰形成过程中，低分子和低芳香的蛋白质类物质往往被困在冰层中，而大分子和高芳香的腐殖质则更容易被排入水中。有趣的是，与水相（13%）相比，缩合芳香烃在冰相（11%）中出现的频率较低。脂质和蛋白质/脂肪族化合物结构在冰中的比例（分别为 6 % 和 8 %）略高于在水中的比例（分别为 1 % 和 5 %）。冰盖环境与 DOM 之间的 SEM 表明，冰可以通过调节内部溶质因子和其他化学物质来影响 DOM 的分布模式。DOM 的性质和冰的生长速度在决定冰和水的 DOM 分布机制方面也起着关键作用。污染物在冰与水之间的分布特征和迁移规律对于了解寒区湖泊的环境水污染情况、促进污染管理和保护措施的实施至关重要。

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来源期刊

Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

17.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

8726

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.