{"title":"Scalable all-perovskite double- and triple-junction solar modules: Modeling for configuration optimization","authors":"Yasuhiko Takeda, Ken-ichi Yamanaka, Naohiko Kato","doi":"10.1002/pip.3786","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>We modeled the photovoltaic conversion of all-perovskite (PVK) double- and triple-junction solar modules to clarify the configurations suitable for the monolithically series-interconnected structure, which offers high scalability by fully exploiting the advantages of the thin-film modules over wafer-based crystalline-silicon modules. We first formulated the photovoltaic processes of single cells and modules by reference to previously reported data, next optimized the module structure parameters including the bandgaps of PVKs, cell widths, and transparent-electrode thicknesses, and then evaluated the annually averaged conversion efficiencies (<i>η</i><sub>annual</sub>) defined by the ratio of the annual energy yield to the annual insolation in outdoor environments using a meteorological database. The double-junction four-terminal (2J-4T) module overcomes the shortcomings involved in the two-terminal module consisting of series-connected top and bottom cells, providing higher <i>η</i><sub>annual</sub> and more options of the top-cell bandgap; the latter allows us to select a more durable PVK composition. However, the dual output (four terminals) is practically a serious drawback. The double-junction voltage-matched (2J-VM) configuration eliminates this drawback, that is, realizes the single output (two terminals) with taking over the advantages of 2J-4T, and hence, 2J-VM would be the most promising candidate. However, when the VM configuration is applied to the triple-junction modules, the ohmic loss and optical loss in the transparent electrodes used for the three submodules are more detrimental. To mitigate this shortcoming, we proposed a new configuration of the triple-junction series/parallel-connecting voltage-matched (3J-SPVM) module. This uses only two substrates with securing high <i>η</i><sub>annual</sub> and other advantages of the VM configuration, which contributes to cost reduction. Consequently, 3J-SPVM is potentially the most promising configuration for widespread use.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"32 7","pages":"442-455"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Progress in Photovoltaics","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pip.3786","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We modeled the photovoltaic conversion of all-perovskite (PVK) double- and triple-junction solar modules to clarify the configurations suitable for the monolithically series-interconnected structure, which offers high scalability by fully exploiting the advantages of the thin-film modules over wafer-based crystalline-silicon modules. We first formulated the photovoltaic processes of single cells and modules by reference to previously reported data, next optimized the module structure parameters including the bandgaps of PVKs, cell widths, and transparent-electrode thicknesses, and then evaluated the annually averaged conversion efficiencies (ηannual) defined by the ratio of the annual energy yield to the annual insolation in outdoor environments using a meteorological database. The double-junction four-terminal (2J-4T) module overcomes the shortcomings involved in the two-terminal module consisting of series-connected top and bottom cells, providing higher ηannual and more options of the top-cell bandgap; the latter allows us to select a more durable PVK composition. However, the dual output (four terminals) is practically a serious drawback. The double-junction voltage-matched (2J-VM) configuration eliminates this drawback, that is, realizes the single output (two terminals) with taking over the advantages of 2J-4T, and hence, 2J-VM would be the most promising candidate. However, when the VM configuration is applied to the triple-junction modules, the ohmic loss and optical loss in the transparent electrodes used for the three submodules are more detrimental. To mitigate this shortcoming, we proposed a new configuration of the triple-junction series/parallel-connecting voltage-matched (3J-SPVM) module. This uses only two substrates with securing high ηannual and other advantages of the VM configuration, which contributes to cost reduction. Consequently, 3J-SPVM is potentially the most promising configuration for widespread use.
期刊介绍:
Progress in Photovoltaics offers a prestigious forum for reporting advances in this rapidly developing technology, aiming to reach all interested professionals, researchers and energy policy-makers.
The key criterion is that all papers submitted should report substantial “progress” in photovoltaics.
Papers are encouraged that report substantial “progress” such as gains in independently certified solar cell efficiency, eligible for a new entry in the journal''s widely referenced Solar Cell Efficiency Tables.
Examples of papers that will not be considered for publication are those that report development in materials without relation to data on cell performance, routine analysis, characterisation or modelling of cells or processing sequences, routine reports of system performance, improvements in electronic hardware design, or country programs, although invited papers may occasionally be solicited in these areas to capture accumulated “progress”.