{"title":"Dynamics of T-helper cell differentiation and plasticity: How have computational models improved our understanding?","authors":"Pradyumna Harlapur, Atchuta Srinivas Duddu, Mohit Kumar Jolly","doi":"10.1016/j.coisb.2024.100508","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Naïve CD4+ T cells can polarize into diverse functionally distinct effector cell types such as Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg. These cell types can also interconvert among one another. The dynamics of T-cell differentiation and plasticity is driven by complex interactions involving many feedback loops among cytokines, intracellular signalling and lineage-determining transcription factors. In the past two decades, mechanistic computational models have played an instrumental role in understanding the underlying emergent dynamics. Here, we highlight the key concepts elucidated from such modelling efforts – a) multistability in underlying gene regulatory networks, b) the (co-) existence of stable hybrid cell states (Th1/Th2, Th1/Th17, Th2/Th17), and c) population-level dynamics of T-cell differentiation. These models, in close integration with experimental data, have improved our understanding of cell-state transitions and trajectories implicated in intracellular and population dynamics of T-cell plasticity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37400,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Systems Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Opinion in Systems Biology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452310024000040","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Naïve CD4+ T cells can polarize into diverse functionally distinct effector cell types such as Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg. These cell types can also interconvert among one another. The dynamics of T-cell differentiation and plasticity is driven by complex interactions involving many feedback loops among cytokines, intracellular signalling and lineage-determining transcription factors. In the past two decades, mechanistic computational models have played an instrumental role in understanding the underlying emergent dynamics. Here, we highlight the key concepts elucidated from such modelling efforts – a) multistability in underlying gene regulatory networks, b) the (co-) existence of stable hybrid cell states (Th1/Th2, Th1/Th17, Th2/Th17), and c) population-level dynamics of T-cell differentiation. These models, in close integration with experimental data, have improved our understanding of cell-state transitions and trajectories implicated in intracellular and population dynamics of T-cell plasticity.
新生的 CD4+ T 细胞可极化为各种功能不同的效应细胞类型,如 Th1、Th2、Th17 和 Treg。这些细胞类型还可以相互转化。T 细胞分化和可塑性的动态是由细胞因子、细胞内信号传导和决定细胞系的转录因子之间涉及许多反馈回路的复杂相互作用驱动的。在过去二十年中,机理计算模型在理解潜在的突发性动力学方面发挥了重要作用。在此,我们重点介绍从这些建模工作中阐明的关键概念--a) 基本基因调控网络的多稳定性;b) 稳定混合细胞状态(Th1/Th2、Th1/Th17、Th2/Th17)的(共同)存在;c) T 细胞分化的群体级动态。这些模型与实验数据紧密结合,提高了我们对细胞状态转换以及细胞内和群体动态 T 细胞可塑性相关轨迹的理解。
期刊介绍:
Current Opinion in Systems Biology is a new systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up-to-date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of Systems Biology. It publishes polished, concise and timely systematic reviews and opinion articles. In addition to describing recent trends, the authors are encouraged to give their subjective opinion on the topics discussed. As this is such a broad discipline, we have determined themed sections each of which is reviewed once a year. The following areas will be covered by Current Opinion in Systems Biology: -Genomics and Epigenomics -Gene Regulation -Metabolic Networks -Cancer and Systemic Diseases -Mathematical Modelling -Big Data Acquisition and Analysis -Systems Pharmacology and Physiology -Synthetic Biology -Stem Cells, Development, and Differentiation -Systems Biology of Mold Organisms -Systems Immunology and Host-Pathogen Interaction -Systems Ecology and Evolution