Third vaccine boosters and anti-S-IgG levels: A comparison of homologous and heterologous responses and poor immunogenicity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-16 DOI:10.1002/kjm2.12812
Chih-Wen Wang, Chung-Feng Huang, Tyng-Yuan Jang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Po-Cheng Liang, Yu-Ju Wei, Po-Yao Hsu, Ching-I Huang, Ming-Yen Hsieh, Yi-Hung Lin, Jee-Fu Huang, Chia-Yen Dai, Wan-Long Chuang, Ming-Lung Yu
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Abstract

The immune response of patients with chronic liver disease tends to be lower after receiving their second coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine dose, but the effect of a third vaccine dose on their immune response is currently unknown. We recruited 722 patients without previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection from three hospitals. The patients received homologous (MMM) and heterologous (AZAZBNT, AZAZM) boosters, where AZ, BNT, and M denoted the AZD1222, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 vaccines, respectively. Serum IgG spike antibody levels were measured at a mean 1.5 ± 0.7 (visit 1) and 5.0 ± 0.5 (visit 2) months after the third vaccine booster. A threshold of 4160 AU/mL was considered significant antibody activity. In both visits, the patients who received the MMM booster had higher anti-S-IgG levels than those who received the AZAZBNT and AZAZM boosters. Patients with active hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had lower anti-S-IgG levels than the control group (761.6 vs. 1498.2 BAU/mL; p = 0.019) at visit 1. The anti-S-IgG levels decreased significantly at visit 2. The patients with significant antibody activity had a lower rate of liver cirrhosis with decompensation (0.7% decompensation vs. 8.0% non-decompensation and 91.3% non-liver cirrhosis, p = 0.015), and active HCC (1.5% active HCC vs. 3.7% non-active HCC and 94.7% non-HCC, p < 0.001). Receiving the MMM booster regimen (OR = 10.67, 95% CI 5.20-21.91, p < 0.001) increased the odds of having significant antibody activity compared with the AZAZBNT booster regimen. Patients with active HCC had a reduced immune response to the third COVID-19 vaccine booster. These findings underscore the importance of booster vaccinations, especially in immunocompromised patients, with superior efficacy observed with the homologous mRNA-1273 regimen.

第三次疫苗强化剂和抗 S-IgG 水平:肝细胞癌中同源反应和异源反应以及不良免疫原性的比较。
慢性肝病患者在接种第二剂2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗后免疫反应往往较低,但第三剂疫苗对其免疫反应的影响目前尚不清楚。我们从三家医院招募了722名既往未感染严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)的患者。患者接受了同源(MMM)和异源(AZAZBNT、AZAZM)强化免疫,其中AZ、BNT和M分别表示AZD1222、BNT162b2和mRNA-1273疫苗。血清 IgG 尖峰抗体水平分别在第三次疫苗强化免疫后平均 1.5 ± 0.7(第 1 次就诊)和 5.0 ± 0.5(第 2 次就诊)个月时进行测量。4160 AU/mL的阈值被认为具有显著的抗体活性。在两次检查中,接受 MMM 加强剂的患者的抗 S-IgG 水平均高于接受 AZAZBNT 和 AZAZM 加强剂的患者。活动性肝细胞癌(HCC)患者在第一次就诊时的抗-S-IgG水平低于对照组(761.6 对 1498.2 BAU/mL;p = 0.019)。第 2 次就诊时,抗 S-IgG 水平明显下降。抗体活性明显的患者中,肝硬化失代偿率(0.7% 失代偿 vs. 8.0% 非失代偿和 91.3% 非肝硬化,p = 0.015)和活动性 HCC(1.5% 活动性 HCC vs. 3.7% 非活动性 HCC 和 94.7% 非 HCC,p = 0.015)较低。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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