Humanized mouse model for vaccine evaluation: an overview.

IF 2.1 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY
Shivani Kaushik, Lata Kumari, Rakesh Kumar Deepak
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Animal models are essential in medical research for testing drugs and vaccines. These models differ from humans in various respects, so their results are not directly translatable in humans. To address this issue, humanized mice engrafted with functional human cells or tissue can be helpful. We propose using humanized mice that support the engraftment of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) without irradiation to evaluate vaccines that influence patient immunity. For infectious diseases, several types of antigens and adjuvants have been developed and evaluated for vaccination. Peptide vaccines are generally used for their capability to fight cancer and infectious diseases. Evaluation of adjuvants is necessary as they induce inflammation, which is effective for an enhanced immune response but causes adverse effects in some individuals. A trial can be done on humanized mice to check the immunogenicity of a particular adjuvant and peptide combination. Messenger RNA has also emerged as a potential vaccine against viruses. These vaccines need to be tested with human immune cells because they work by producing a particular peptide of the pathogen. Humanized mice with human HSCs that can produce both myeloid and lymphoid cells show a similar immune response that these vaccines will produce in a patient.

用于疫苗评估的人源化小鼠模型:概述。
在医学研究中,动物模型对于测试药物和疫苗至关重要。这些模型在各方面都与人类不同,因此其结果不能直接转化为人类的结果。为了解决这个问题,移植了功能性人类细胞或组织的人源化小鼠可能会有所帮助。我们建议使用支持人类造血干细胞(HSCs)移植而无需辐照的人源化小鼠来评估影响患者免疫力的疫苗。针对传染病,已经开发并评估了几种用于疫苗接种的抗原和佐剂。多肽疫苗通常用于抗癌和抗传染病。对佐剂进行评估是必要的,因为佐剂会诱发炎症,从而有效增强免疫反应,但会对某些人造成不良影响。可以在人源化小鼠身上进行试验,检查特定佐剂和多肽组合的免疫原性。信使核糖核酸也已成为一种潜在的病毒疫苗。这些疫苗需要用人的免疫细胞进行测试,因为它们是通过产生病原体的特定肽来发挥作用的。人源化小鼠体内的人类造血干细胞可同时产生髓系细胞和淋巴细胞,其免疫反应与这些疫苗在患者体内产生的免疫反应相似。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
29
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Clin Exp Vaccine Res, the official English journal of the Korean Vaccine Society, is an international, peer reviewed, and open-access journal. It covers all areas related to vaccines and vaccination. Clin Exp Vaccine Res publishes editorials, review articles, special articles, original articles, case reports, brief communications, and correspondences covering a wide range of clinical and experimental subjects including vaccines and vaccination for human and animals against infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites and tumor. The scope of the journal is to disseminate information that may contribute to elaborate vaccine development and vaccination strategies targeting infectious diseases and tumors in human and animals. Relevant topics range from experimental approaches to (pre)clinical trials for the vaccine research based on, but not limited to, basic laboratory, translational, and (pre)clinical investigations, epidemiology of infectious diseases and progression of all aspects in the health related issues. It is published printed and open accessed online issues (https://ecevr.org) two times per year in 31 January and 31 July. Clin Exp Vaccine Res is linked to many international databases and is made freely available to institutions and individuals worldwide
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