Evaluation of oral health status and immunological parameters of hospitalized COVID-19 patients during acute and recovery phases: A randomized clinical trial

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Dental Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jds.2024.01.022

Cem Peskersoy , Aybeniz Oguzhan , Cagri Akcay , Beyza A. Dincturk , Hulya S.E. Can , Erdinc K. Kamer , Mehmet Haciyanli

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background/purpose

It is known that COVID-19 patients show many clinical oral symptoms due to the immunological mechanisms triggered by the virus. Aim of this study is to analyze the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, and to evaluate the oral health status of hospitalized patients.

Materials and methods

160 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by SARS-CoV-2–specific RT-PCR testing and 160 healthy volunteers (HI) with similar age, gender and systemic status were included to compare the bio-chemical and oral manifestations. Oropharyngeal swab specimens were collected to evaluate the salivary interleukins (IL-1, IL-6, IL-10) and immunoglobulins (sIgA, sIgG, sIgM). Oral findings (DMFT, plaque index, salivary flow rate), socio-demographic information and systemic conditions were also recorded. Chi-square, Mann–Whitney U and Spearman's ratio tests were applied to determine the possible correlations between the factors (P = 0.05).

Results

The mean DMFT scores of COVID-19 patients (12.71 ± 7.3) were significantly higher than the HI (7.39 ± 2.8), whereas cases of total or partial edentulism were more common among COVID-19 patients (P < 0.05). While plaque index scores were similar for both groups (P > 0.05), salivary parameters were found statistically different (P < 0.05). Severe and moderate cases showed higher proinflammatory interleukin levels (IL-1 = 68.74 pg/ml, IL-6 = 53.31 pg/ml) amongst all (P < 0.05). While secretory immunoglobulins were almost depleted at baseline, (sIgA = 0.11 mg/ml, sIgG = 0.21 mg/ml, sIgM = 0.08 mg/ml) they reached to threshold levels after 4 weeks.

Conclusion

Higher proinflammatory interleukin levels indicated that traces of ongoing “Cytokine Storm” in COVID-19 patients which can also be observed in oral environment. Poor oral hygiene and malnutrition due to edentulism can pave the way for having a severe COVID-19 infection.

查看原文本刊更多论文

评估 COVID-19 住院患者在急性期和恢复期的口腔健康状况和免疫学参数：随机临床试验

背景/目的众所周知，COVID-19 患者由于病毒引发的免疫机制而表现出许多临床口腔症状。材料和方法 160 名经 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 RT-PCR 检测证实的 COVID-19 患者和 160 名年龄、性别和全身状况相似的健康志愿者（HI）被纳入研究，以比较生化和口腔表现。采集口咽拭子标本以评估唾液白细胞介素（IL-1、IL-6、IL-10）和免疫球蛋白（sIgA、sIgG、sIgM）。此外，还记录了口腔检查结果（DMFT、牙菌斑指数、唾液流速）、社会人口信息和全身状况。结果 COVID-19 患者的平均 DMFT 分数（12.71 ± 7.3）明显高于 HI（7.39 ± 2.8），而 COVID-19 患者中更常见的是全口或部分缺牙（P < 0.05）。虽然两组患者的牙菌斑指数评分相似（P >0.05），但唾液参数却存在统计学差异（P <0.05）。重度和中度病例的白细胞介素水平较高（IL-1 = 68.74 pg/ml，IL-6 = 53.31 pg/ml）（P < 0.05）。虽然分泌型免疫球蛋白在基线时几乎耗尽，但（sIgA = 0.11 mg/ml、sIgG = 0.21 mg/ml、sIgM = 0.08 mg/ml）在 4 周后达到阈值水平。口腔卫生差和营养不良可能会导致严重的 COVID-19 感染。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Dental Sciences 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

14.30%

发文量

348

审稿时长

6 days

期刊介绍： he Journal of Dental Sciences (JDS), published quarterly, is the official and open access publication of the Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of China (ADS-ROC). The precedent journal of the JDS is the Chinese Dental Journal (CDJ) which had already been covered by MEDLINE in 1988. As the CDJ continued to prove its importance in the region, the ADS-ROC decided to move to the international community by publishing an English journal. Hence, the birth of the JDS in 2006. The JDS is indexed in the SCI Expanded since 2008. It is also indexed in Scopus, and EMCare, ScienceDirect, SIIC Data Bases. The topics covered by the JDS include all fields of basic and clinical dentistry. Some manuscripts focusing on the study of certain endemic diseases such as dental caries and periodontal diseases in particular regions of any country as well as oral pre-cancers, oral cancers, and oral submucous fibrosis related to betel nut chewing habit are also considered for publication. Besides, the JDS also publishes articles about the efficacy of a new treatment modality on oral verrucous hyperplasia or early oral squamous cell carcinoma.