Pets, furry animal allergen components, and asthma in childhood

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

Clinical and Translational Allergy Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI:10.1002/clt2.12337

Katariina Lajunen, Anette M. Määttä, Kristiina Malmström, Satu Kalliola, Hanna Knihtilä, Terhi Savinko, L. Pekka Malmberg, Anna S. Pelkonen, Mika J. Mäkelä

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Abstract

Background

The use of component-resolved allergy diagnostics has provided a clearer understanding of the species-specific sensitization and severity of potential allergic reactions. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether sensitization to allergen components in furry animals is indicative of blood eosinophilia, a positive fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test, abnormal lung function, and asthma symptoms in children. Additionally, we investigated whether having pets during childhood affects the development of asthma or allergic sensitization to furry animals.

Methods

We recruited 203 children aged 4–17 years with asthma diagnosis based on abnormal lung function and 33 controls. IgE-sensitization to allergen components for dogs, cats, and horses was analyzed using a multiplex microarray. Children were tested with FeNO, impulse oscillometry, spirometry, methacholine challenge, and skin prick test. A questionnaire was used to investigate pet ownership and symptom profile.

Results

FeNO results and blood eosinophilia revealed a correlation with sensitization to all furry animal allergens, particularly lipocalins (r = 0.203–0.560 and 0.206–0.560, respectively). Can f 3 was found to correlate with baseline R5 (r = 0.298). No association between methacholine challenge results and sensitization to furry animal allergens was found. Children with asthma who were sensitized to Can f 1, Can f 6, or both frequently reported asthma symptoms. Dog ownership was associated with a lower level of IgE-sensitization to lipocalins, fewer asthma symptoms, and less blood eosinophilia.

Conclusion

Furry animal allergen component IgE-sensitization is a risk factor for type 2-inflammation and asthma symptoms.

Abstract Image

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宠物、毛茸茸的动物过敏原成分与儿童哮喘

背景成分解析过敏诊断法的使用使人们对物种特异性过敏和潜在过敏反应的严重程度有了更清楚的了解。本横断面研究旨在确定对毛茸茸动物中过敏原成分的过敏是否会导致儿童血液中出现嗜酸性粒细胞增多、呼出一氧化氮（FeNO）检测呈阳性、肺功能异常和哮喘症状。此外，我们还研究了童年时期饲养宠物是否会影响哮喘或对毛茸茸动物过敏的发生。方法我们招募了 203 名根据肺功能异常诊断为哮喘的 4-17 岁儿童和 33 名对照组儿童。使用多重芯片分析了狗、猫和马过敏原成分的 IgE 致敏情况。对儿童进行了 FeNO、脉冲振荡仪、肺活量测定、甲基胆碱挑战和皮肤点刺试验。调查问卷用于调查宠物拥有情况和症状特征。结果 FeNO 结果和血液嗜酸性粒细胞增多与所有毛茸茸的动物过敏原的致敏性有关，尤其是脂钙蛋白（r 分别为 0.203-0.560 和 0.206-0.560）。Can f 3 与基线 R5 相关（r = 0.298）。未发现甲基胆碱挑战结果与毛茸茸动物过敏原致敏之间存在关联。对 Can f 1、Can f 6 或两者都过敏的哮喘患儿经常报告哮喘症状。养狗与脂联素的 IgE 致敏水平较低、哮喘症状较少和血液嗜酸性粒细胞减少有关。结论毛茸茸的动物过敏原成分 IgE 致敏是导致 2 型炎症和哮喘症状的危险因素。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Translational Allergy Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

4.50%

发文量

117

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Translational Allergy, one of several journals in the portfolio of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, provides a platform for the dissemination of allergy research and reviews, as well as EAACI position papers, task force reports and guidelines, amongst an international scientific audience. Clinical and Translational Allergy accepts clinical and translational research in the following areas and other related topics: asthma, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, drug hypersensitivity, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic skin diseases, atopic eczema, urticaria, angioedema, venom hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, food allergy, immunotherapy, immune modulators and biologics, animal models of allergic disease, immune mechanisms, or any other topic related to allergic disease.