Obesity and Myocardial Infarction-The Place of Obesity Among Cardiovascular Risk Factors-Retrospective Study.

Abstract

Since the 21st century, the leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease, with myocardial infarction being the most common. The incidence and prevalence of obesity has risen sharply in recent years, and it is commonly recognised as a cardiovascular risk factor among tobacco smoking, dyslipidemia (high LDL-C, high triglycerides, low HDL-C), hypertension, diabetes, age, gender, hereditary predisposition.

Materials and methods: This study is a retrospective study conducted at the Craiova Emergency Clinical Hospital between October 2020 and January 2023. Enrolled patients are 60, 36 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and 24 patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. The data was collected from the hospital's official database and then analyzed using Microsoft Excel and the Toolbar Data Analysis.

Results: The mean age of the patients in the study was 62 years with a minimum of 34 years and a maximum of 84 years. 23(38.3%) of patients were smokers, 7(11.6%) were ex-smokers and 30(50%) were non-smokers. 49(81.6%) patients were hypertensive. 44(73%) had cholesterol greater than 200mg/dl. 54(90%) had LDL>100mg/dl, 18(30%) had HDL>45mg/gl, 24(40%) patients had serum TG>150mg/dl, 17(28%) were overweight and 13(22%) were obese, 30(50%) were normal weight. 18(30%) patients had type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions: Among the cardiovascular risk factors in the patients studied, hypertension was the most common, followed by dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and very rarely the use of drugs and anabolic substances.