Release and health outcomes of exposure to chalk particles in classrooms: a systematic literature review.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

International Journal of Environmental Health Research Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-04 DOI:10.1080/09603123.2024.2311228

Setlamorago Jackson Mbazima, Raeesa Moolla, Jitcy Saji Joseph

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This systematic review explores the release and health outcomes of exposure to chalk particles in classrooms. A literature search was conducted on Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Web of Science. Chalk particles contribute significantly to poor indoor air quality in classrooms. Higher concentrations of PM_2.5 chalk particles were found in the front row (14.25 µg/m³) and near the chalkboard (19.07 µg/m³). Inhalation and dermal are significant exposure routes; hence, teachers and learners are at risk of developing respiratory and skin disorders. Inhalation of chalk particles correlates with reduced lung function in teachers and learners. The release and size of chalk particles depend on the activities, type of chalk sticks, and texture of the chalkboards. Wiping the chalkboard releases more chalk particles of smaller size (3.85-9.3 µm) than writing (10.57-92.91 µm). A shift from chalk sticks and chalkboards in classrooms is necessary to mitigate the associated health risks.

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教室中粉笔颗粒的释放和健康影响：系统文献综述。

本系统综述探讨了教室中粉笔颗粒的释放和健康影响。我们在 Scopus、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 上进行了文献检索。粉笔颗粒是造成教室室内空气质量差的重要原因。前排（14.25 微克/立方米）和黑板附近（19.07 微克/立方米）的粉笔颗粒 PM2.5 浓度较高。吸入和皮肤接触是重要的接触途径；因此，教师和学生都有患呼吸道疾病和皮肤疾病的风险。吸入粉笔微粒会导致教师和学生肺功能下降。粉笔颗粒的释放量和大小取决于活动、粉笔棒的类型和黑板的质地。擦黑板释放的粉笔颗粒（3.85-9.3 微米）比写字释放的粉笔颗粒（10.57-92.91 微米）要小。为了减少相关的健康风险，有必要改变教室中的粉笔棒和黑板。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Environmental Health Research 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

134

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： International Journal of Environmental Health Research ( IJEHR ) is devoted to the rapid publication of research in environmental health, acting as a link between the diverse research communities and practitioners in environmental health. Published articles encompass original research papers, technical notes and review articles. IJEHR publishes articles on all aspects of the interaction between the environment and human health. This interaction can broadly be divided into three areas: the natural environment and health – health implications and monitoring of air, water and soil pollutants and pollution and health improvements and air, water and soil quality standards; the built environment and health – occupational health and safety, exposure limits, monitoring and control of pollutants in the workplace, and standards of health; and communicable diseases – disease spread, control and prevention, food hygiene and control, and health aspects of rodents and insects. IJEHR is published in association with the International Federation of Environmental Health and includes news from the Federation of international meetings, courses and environmental health issues.