Brittany N Morey, Yuxi Shi, Soomin Ryu, Susan Redline, Ichiro Kawachi, Hye Won Park, Sunmin Lee
{"title":"Risk of sleep apnea associated with higher blood pressure among Chinese and Korean Americans.","authors":"Brittany N Morey, Yuxi Shi, Soomin Ryu, Susan Redline, Ichiro Kawachi, Hye Won Park, Sunmin Lee","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2024.2311417","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examines associations between sleep apnea risk and hypertension in a sample of immigrant Chinese and Korean Americans.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The dataset included Chinese and Korean patients ages 50-75 recruited from primary care physicians' offices from April 2018 to June 2020 in the Baltimore-Washington DC Metropolitan Area (<i>n</i> = 394). Hypertension risk was determined using a combination of blood pressure measurements, self-reported diagnosis of hypertension by a medical professional, and/or self-reported use of antihypertensive medications. Linear regression models examined the associations between sleep apnea risk and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]). Poisson regression models examined associations sleep apnea risk and hypertension. Models controlled for body mass index (BMI), demographic, and socioeconomic risk factors. We further examined models for potential effect modification by age, gender, Asian subgroup, and obesity, as well as effect modification of daytime sleepiness on the association between snoring and hypertension risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High risk of sleep apnea appeared to be associated positively with SBP (<i>β</i> = 6.77, 95% CI: 0.00-13.53), but not with DBP. The association was positive for hypertension, but it was not statistically significant (PR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.87-1.41). We did not find effect modification of the associations between sleep apnea and hypertension risk, but we did find that daytime sleepiness moderated the effect of snoring on SBP. Snoring was associated with higher SBP, primarily in the presence of daytime sleepiness, such that predicted SBP was 133.27 mmHg (95% CI: 126.52, 140.02) for someone with both snoring and daytime sleepiness, compared to 123.37 mmHg (95% CI: 120.40, 126.34) for someone neither snoring nor daytime sleepiness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chinese and Korean immigrants living in the U.S. who are at high risk of sleep apnea have higher SBP on average, even after accounting for sociodemographic characteristics and BMI.</p><p><strong>Clinical trail registration: </strong>: NCT03481296, date of registration: 3/29/2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"295-308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987275/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ethnicity & Health","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2024.2311417","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/2/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ETHNIC STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: This study examines associations between sleep apnea risk and hypertension in a sample of immigrant Chinese and Korean Americans.
Design: The dataset included Chinese and Korean patients ages 50-75 recruited from primary care physicians' offices from April 2018 to June 2020 in the Baltimore-Washington DC Metropolitan Area (n = 394). Hypertension risk was determined using a combination of blood pressure measurements, self-reported diagnosis of hypertension by a medical professional, and/or self-reported use of antihypertensive medications. Linear regression models examined the associations between sleep apnea risk and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]). Poisson regression models examined associations sleep apnea risk and hypertension. Models controlled for body mass index (BMI), demographic, and socioeconomic risk factors. We further examined models for potential effect modification by age, gender, Asian subgroup, and obesity, as well as effect modification of daytime sleepiness on the association between snoring and hypertension risk.
Results: High risk of sleep apnea appeared to be associated positively with SBP (β = 6.77, 95% CI: 0.00-13.53), but not with DBP. The association was positive for hypertension, but it was not statistically significant (PR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.87-1.41). We did not find effect modification of the associations between sleep apnea and hypertension risk, but we did find that daytime sleepiness moderated the effect of snoring on SBP. Snoring was associated with higher SBP, primarily in the presence of daytime sleepiness, such that predicted SBP was 133.27 mmHg (95% CI: 126.52, 140.02) for someone with both snoring and daytime sleepiness, compared to 123.37 mmHg (95% CI: 120.40, 126.34) for someone neither snoring nor daytime sleepiness.
Conclusion: Chinese and Korean immigrants living in the U.S. who are at high risk of sleep apnea have higher SBP on average, even after accounting for sociodemographic characteristics and BMI.
Clinical trail registration: : NCT03481296, date of registration: 3/29/2018.
期刊介绍：
Ethnicity & Health
is an international academic journal designed to meet the world-wide interest in the health of ethnic groups. It embraces original papers from the full range of disciplines concerned with investigating the relationship between ’ethnicity’ and ’health’ (including medicine and nursing, public health, epidemiology, social sciences, population sciences, and statistics). The journal also covers issues of culture, religion, gender, class, migration, lifestyle and racism, in so far as they relate to health and its anthropological and social aspects.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
