Evaluation of Automotive Bio-Composites Crash Box Performance

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI:10.15282/ijame.20.4.2023.11.0846

Xin Yi Ang, C.S. Hassan, S.Y. Soh, E.U. Olugu, N.F. Abdullah, L.J. Yu, N. Abdul Aziz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In the automotive industry, sustainable materials, such as bio-composites, are progressively being adopted due to their lightweight feature, which reduces vehicle weight, fuel consumption and pollutants emissions. Bio-composites are renewable and biodegradable, making them more environmental-friendly. However, limited investigations into the use of bio-composites in crash box applications have indicated that they lack the impact strength to fully absorb collision energy. This study aims to compare the crashworthiness performance of crash boxes made from OPEFB fiber/epoxy and kenaf fiber/epoxy composites, with conventional steel and carbon fiber/epoxy using LS-DYNA quasi-static simulations. Six different crash box designs are proposed: square, hexagonal, decagonal, hexagonal 3-cell, hexagonal 6-cell, and decagonal 10-cell structure, to evaluate the effect of these designs on crash box performance. The results show that bio-composite crash boxes are inferior to traditional materials in terms of energy absorption and specific energy absorption, but they yield better performance in crush force efficiency. In terms of design, decagonal 10-cell structure produces the highest specific energy absorption and energy absorption for bio-composites. Hence, optimization is performed on the OPEFB fibre/epoxy decagonal 10-cell crash box, aiming to increase energy absorption capability by varying the thickness, perimeter, and length of the crash box. The design is optimized by increasing thickness and maintaining length and perimeter. Compared to the original design, the optimized design improves energy absorption by 59% and specific energy absorption by 19%. The optimized design is then subjected to both quasi-static and impact loading tests, revealing that the optimized OPEFB fibre/epoxy crash box design exhibits 44% lower energy absorption than steel under quasi-static load, but it demonstrates a 56% increase in crush force efficiency and a 6 % increase in specific energy absorption. Under impact load, it shows a 91% increase in specific energy absorption compared to the traditional square steel crash box.

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汽车生物复合材料碰撞箱性能评估

在汽车行业，生物复合材料等可持续材料因其轻量化的特点，可减轻汽车重量、降低油耗和污染物排放，正逐步被采用。生物复合材料可再生、可生物降解，因此更加环保。然而，对生物复合材料在碰撞箱中应用的有限调查表明，它们缺乏完全吸收碰撞能量的冲击强度。本研究旨在利用 LS-DYNA 准静态模拟，比较 OPEFB 纤维/环氧树脂和 kenaf 纤维/环氧树脂复合材料制成的防撞箱与传统钢材和碳纤维/环氧树脂的防撞性能。提出了六种不同的碰撞箱设计：正方形、六边形、十边形、六边形 3 单元、六边形 6 单元和十边形 10 单元结构，以评估这些设计对碰撞箱性能的影响。结果表明，生物复合材料防撞箱在能量吸收和比能量吸收方面不如传统材料，但在挤压力效率方面却有更好的表现。在设计方面，十边形 10 单元结构能产生最高的生物复合材料比能量吸收和能量吸收。因此，对 OPEFB 纤维/环氧树脂十边形 10 单元碰撞箱进行了优化，旨在通过改变碰撞箱的厚度、周长和长度来提高能量吸收能力。通过增加厚度、保持长度和周长对设计进行了优化。与原始设计相比，优化设计的能量吸收能力提高了 59%，比能量吸收能力提高了 19%。然后，对优化设计进行了准静态和冲击载荷测试，结果表明，在准静态载荷下，优化的 OPEFB 纤维/环氧树脂防撞箱设计的能量吸收率比钢材低 44%，但挤压力效率提高了 56%，比能量吸收率提高了 6%。在冲击载荷下，与传统的方形钢制防撞箱相比，它的比能量吸收率提高了 91%。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.