Monitoring the phenology of plant pathogenic fungi: why and how?

IF 11 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY
Chloé E. L. Delmas, Marie-Odile Bancal, Christel Leyronas, Marie-Hélène Robin, Tiphaine Vidal, Marie Launay
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Phenology is a key adaptive trait of organisms, shaping biotic interactions in response to the environment. It has emerged as a critical topic with implications for societal and economic concerns due to the effects of climate change on species' phenological patterns. Fungi play essential roles in ecosystems, and plant pathogenic fungi have significant impacts on global food security. However, the phenology of plant pathogenic fungi, which form a huge and diverse clade of organisms, has received limited attention in the literature. This diversity may have limited the use of a common language for comparisons and the integration of phenological data for these taxonomic groups. Here, we delve into the concept of ‘phenology’ as applied to plant pathogenic fungi and explore the potential drivers of their phenology, including environmental factors and the host plant. We present the PhenoFun scale, a phenological scoring system suitable for use with all fungi and fungus-like plant pathogens. It offers a standardised and common tool for scientists studying the presence, absence, or predominance of a particular phase, the speed of phenological phase succession, and the synchronism shift between pathogenic fungi and their host plants, across a wide range of environments and ecosystems. The application of the concept of ‘phenology’ to plant pathogenic fungi and the use of a phenological scoring system involves focusing on the interacting processes between the pathogenic fungi, their hosts, and their biological, physical, and chemical environment, occurring during the life cycle of the pathogen. The goal is to deconstruct the processes involved according to a pattern orchestrated by the fungus's phenology. Such an approach will improve our understanding of the ecology and evolution of such organisms, help to understand and anticipate plant disease epidemics and their future evolution, and make it possible to optimise management models, and to encourage the adoption of cropping practices designed from this phenological perspective.

监测植物病原真菌的物候学:为什么?
物候是生物的一个关键适应性特征,它影响着生物与环境的相互作用。由于气候变化对物种物候模式的影响,它已成为一个对社会和经济问题具有影响的重要课题。真菌在生态系统中发挥着重要作用,植物病原真菌对全球粮食安全有重大影响。然而,植物病原真菌是一个庞大而多样的生物支系,其物候学在文献中受到的关注却很有限。这种多样性可能限制了这些分类群使用共同语言进行比较和整合物候数据。在此,我们将深入探讨应用于植物病原真菌的 "物候学 "概念,并探索其物候学的潜在驱动因素,包括环境因素和寄主植物。我们提出了 PhenoFun 表,这是一种适用于所有真菌和类真菌植物病原体的物候学评分系统。它为科学家们提供了一个标准化的通用工具,用于研究特定物候期的存在、缺失或主导地位,物候期演替的速度,以及病原真菌与其寄主植物之间在各种环境和生态系统中的同步性变化。将 "物候学 "概念应用于植物病原真菌并使用物候学评分系统,需要关注病原真菌生命周期中发生的病原真菌、宿主及其生物、物理和化学环境之间的相互作用过程。这样做的目的是根据真菌物候学的协调模式来解构相关过程。这种方法将提高我们对这类生物的生态学和进化的认识,有助于了解和预测植物病害的流行及其未来的演变,使优化管理模式成为可能,并鼓励采用从物候学角度设计的耕作方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biological Reviews
Biological Reviews 生物-生物学
CiteScore
21.30
自引率
2.00%
发文量
99
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Biological Reviews is a scientific journal that covers a wide range of topics in the biological sciences. It publishes several review articles per issue, which are aimed at both non-specialist biologists and researchers in the field. The articles are scholarly and include extensive bibliographies. Authors are instructed to be aware of the diverse readership and write their articles accordingly. The reviews in Biological Reviews serve as comprehensive introductions to specific fields, presenting the current state of the art and highlighting gaps in knowledge. Each article can be up to 20,000 words long and includes an abstract, a thorough introduction, and a statement of conclusions. The journal focuses on publishing synthetic reviews, which are based on existing literature and address important biological questions. These reviews are interesting to a broad readership and are timely, often related to fast-moving fields or new discoveries. A key aspect of a synthetic review is that it goes beyond simply compiling information and instead analyzes the collected data to create a new theoretical or conceptual framework that can significantly impact the field. Biological Reviews is abstracted and indexed in various databases, including Abstracts on Hygiene & Communicable Diseases, Academic Search, AgBiotech News & Information, AgBiotechNet, AGRICOLA Database, GeoRef, Global Health, SCOPUS, Weed Abstracts, and Reaction Citation Index, among others.
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