The Effect of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Health-Related Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women With Genitourinary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Tram Thi Bich Nguyen, Yu-Yun Hsu, Yanti Puspita Sari
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Abstract

Background: Genitourinary syndrome is commonly reported in postmenopausal women. Kegel's exercise is a noninvasive therapy that improves pelvic floor muscle parameters. However, the effect of Kegel's exercise on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in postmenopausal women with genitourinary syndrome has not been synthesized or shown.

Purpose: This study was designed to systematically review and analyze the previous literature to determine whether Kegel's exercise enhances HRQoL in postmenopausal women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted, and six databases were searched, including Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus, from their dates of inception to November 2021. Eligible studies evaluated the effects of Kegel's exercise on HRQoL in postmenopausal women with urinary, sexual, or genital symptoms. Review Manager software was used to perform the meta-analysis using a random-effects model. Chi-square and I2 tests were used to evaluate heterogeneity among the studies. Meta-analysis was performed based on the symptoms (i.e., urinary, sexual, and genital) identified in the quality-of-life questionnaires.

Results: This systematic review covered five studies with 268 participants. The research appraisal found most of these studies had a low risk of bias. The intervention periods ranged from 4 to 12 weeks. Compared with non-Kegel's exercise or regular activity, Kegel's exercise was found to significantly improve HRQoL-related urinary symptoms (three studies, standardized mean difference = -0.95, 95% CI [-1.35, -0.54], I2 = 0%). However, the effect of this exercise on HRQoL-related sexual symptoms did not differ from non-Kegel's exercise or regular activity (two studies, standardized mean difference = 1.11, 95% CI [-0.25, 2.47], I2 = 94%). None of the covered studies examined the effect of Kegel's exercise on HRQoL-related genital symptoms.

Conclusions/implications for practice: Kegel's exercise is an effective intervention for improving HRQoL-related urinary symptoms in postmenopausal women. However, there remains insufficient evidence to assess the effectiveness of Kegel's exercise on HRQoL-related genital symptoms in this population. The results support using Kegel's exercise as a useful intervention to manage urinary symptoms in postmenopausal women.

盆底肌肉训练对绝经后泌尿生殖系统综合征妇女健康相关生活质量的影响:系统回顾与元分析》。
背景:泌尿生殖系统综合征是绝经后妇女的常见病。凯格尔运动是一种非侵入性疗法,可改善盆底肌肉参数。目的:本研究旨在系统回顾和分析以往的文献,以确定凯格尔运动是否能提高绝经后泌尿生殖系统综合征妇女的 HRQoL:方法:对随机对照试验进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析,并检索了六个数据库,包括 Embase、MEDLINE、Cochrane、CINAHL、Web of Science 和 Scopus,检索时间从开始日期到 2021 年 11 月。符合条件的研究评估了凯格尔运动对有泌尿、性或生殖器症状的绝经后妇女的 HRQoL 的影响。采用随机效应模型,使用Review Manager软件进行荟萃分析。采用卡方检验和 I2 检验来评估研究之间的异质性。根据生活质量问卷中确定的症状(即泌尿、性和生殖器症状)进行荟萃分析:本系统综述涵盖了五项研究,共有 268 名参与者。研究评估发现,大部分研究的偏倚风险较低。干预时间从 4 周到 12 周不等。与非凯格尔运动或常规活动相比,凯格尔运动能显著改善与泌尿系统症状相关的 HRQoL(三项研究,标准化平均差异 = -0.95,95% CI [-1.35, -0.54],I2 = 0%)。然而,该运动对与 HRQoL 相关的性症状的影响与非凯格尔运动或常规活动没有差异(两项研究,标准化平均差异 = 1.11,95% CI [-0.25,2.47],I2 = 94%)。所涉及的研究均未考察凯格尔运动对与生殖器症状相关的 HRQoL 的影响:凯格尔运动是改善绝经后妇女与泌尿系统症状相关的 HRQoL 的有效干预措施。然而,目前仍没有足够的证据来评估凯格尔运动对该人群中与 HRQoL 相关的生殖器症状的有效性。研究结果支持将凯格尔运动作为控制绝经后妇女泌尿系统症状的有效干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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