Sensitization profiles to house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus molecular allergens in the Lithuanian population: Understanding allergic sensitization patterns

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

Clinical and Translational Allergy Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI:10.1002/clt2.12332

Gabija Biliute, Monika Miskinyte, Asta Miskiniene, Aukse Zinkeviciene, Violeta Kvedariene

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Abstract

Background

House dust mite (HDM) allergy is a prevalent global health concern, with varying sensitization profiles observed across populations. We aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of molecular allergen sensitization patterns in the Lithuanian population, with a focus on Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p), and investigate patterns of concomitant reactivity among different allergens to enhance the accuracy of HDM allergy diagnostics.

Methods

A comprehensive analysis of 1520 patient test results in Lithuania from 2020 to 2022 was performed. Sensitization patterns to major (Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23) and minor (Der p 5, Der p 7, and Der p 21) Der p allergen components were described using molecular-based diagnostics. Additionally, we investigated sensitization to allergen components from other allergen sources, including tropomyosins (Der p 10, Per a 7, Pen m 1, Ani s 3, Blo t 10) and arginine kinases (Pen m 2, Bla g 9, Der p 20).

Results

This study reveals a high prevalence of HDM sensitization in Lithuania - 481 individuals (45.38% of the sensitized group) exhibited sensitization to at least one Der p allergen component. Importantly, within the sensitized group, 37.21% of patients were sensitized to Der p 5, Der p 7, or Der p 21 in addition to major allergenic components. Distinct sensitization patterns were observed across different age groups, indicating the influence of age-related factors. Furthermore, we confirmed cross-reactivity between Der p 5 and Blo t 5 as well as between Der p 21 and Blo t 21, emphasizing the clinical relevance of these associations. We also highlighted the complexity of sensitization patterns among tropomyosins and arginine kinases.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable insights into HDM allergy sensitization profiles in Lithuania, emphasizing the importance of considering major and minor HDM allergen components for accurate diagnosis and management of HDM-related allergic diseases. Differences between populations and age-related factors impact sensitization patterns. Understanding concomitant reactivity among allergens, such as Der p 5 and Blo t 5, Der p 21 and Blo t 21, tropomyosins, and arginine kinases, is crucial for improving diagnostic strategies and developing targeted interventions for allergic individuals.

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立陶宛人群对屋尘螨 Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 分子过敏原的过敏特征：了解过敏致敏模式

背景家庭尘螨（HDM）过敏是全球普遍关注的健康问题，不同人群的过敏情况各不相同。我们的目的是全面评估立陶宛人群的分子过敏原致敏模式，重点是Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)，并研究不同过敏原之间的伴随反应模式，以提高HDM过敏诊断的准确性。方法对立陶宛 2020 年至 2022 年期间 1520 名患者的检测结果进行了综合分析。使用分子诊断方法描述了主要（Der p 1、Der p 2 和 Der p 23）和次要（Der p 5、Der p 7 和 Der p 21）Der p 过敏原成分的致敏模式。此外，我们还研究了对其他过敏原来源的过敏原成分的致敏性，包括肌球蛋白（Der p 10、Per a 7、Pen m 1、Ani s 3、Blo t 10）和精氨酸激酶（Pen m 2、Bla g 9、Der p 20）。结果这项研究揭示了立陶宛人对 HDM 过敏的高发病率--481 人（占过敏人群的 45.38%）至少对一种 Der p 过敏原成分过敏。重要的是，在致敏人群中，37.21% 的患者除了对主要过敏原成分过敏外，还对 Der p 5、Der p 7 或 Der p 21 过敏。在不同年龄组中观察到了不同的致敏模式，这表明了年龄相关因素的影响。此外，我们还证实了 Der p 5 和 Blo t 5 之间以及 Der p 21 和 Blo t 21 之间的交叉反应，强调了这些关联的临床意义。我们还强调了肌球蛋白和精氨酸激酶之间致敏模式的复杂性。结论本研究为了解立陶宛人对 HDM 过敏的致敏情况提供了有价值的见解，强调了考虑主要和次要 HDM 过敏原成分对于准确诊断和治疗 HDM 相关过敏性疾病的重要性。人群之间的差异和年龄相关因素会影响过敏模式。了解过敏原（如 Der p 5 和 Blo t 5、Der p 21 和 Blo t 21、肌肽和精氨酸激酶）之间的伴随反应性对于改进诊断策略和为过敏个体制定有针对性的干预措施至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Translational Allergy Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

4.50%

发文量

117

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Translational Allergy, one of several journals in the portfolio of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, provides a platform for the dissemination of allergy research and reviews, as well as EAACI position papers, task force reports and guidelines, amongst an international scientific audience. Clinical and Translational Allergy accepts clinical and translational research in the following areas and other related topics: asthma, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, drug hypersensitivity, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic skin diseases, atopic eczema, urticaria, angioedema, venom hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, food allergy, immunotherapy, immune modulators and biologics, animal models of allergic disease, immune mechanisms, or any other topic related to allergic disease.