Immune Mechanisms Underpinning Long COVID: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2024.

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ALLERGY

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-22 DOI:10.1159/000535736

Eva Untersmayr, Carina Venter, Peter Smith, Johanna Rohrhofer, Cebile Ndwandwe, Jurgen Schwarze, Emer Shannon, Milena Sokolowska, Corinna Sadlier, Liam O'Mahony

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can result in a prolonged multisystem disorder termed long COVID, which may affect up to 10% of people following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is currently unclear why certain individuals do not fully recover following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Summary: In this review, we examine immunological mechanisms that may underpin the pathophysiology of long COVID. These mechanisms include an inappropriate immune response to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, immune cell exhaustion, immune cell metabolic reprogramming, a persistent SARS-CoV-2 reservoir, reactivation of other viruses, inflammatory responses impacting the central nervous system, autoimmunity, microbiome dysbiosis, and dietary factors.

Key messages: Unfortunately, the currently available diagnostic and treatment options for long COVID are inadequate, and more clinical trials are needed that match experimental interventions to underlying immunological mechanisms.

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支持长 COVID 的免疫机制：国际过敏学会 2024 年更新。

背景：严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染可导致一种被称为长COVID的长期多系统紊乱，在冠状病毒病2019（COVID-19）之后，多达10%的人可能会受到影响。目前尚不清楚为什么某些人在感染 SARS-CoV-2 后不能完全康复。摘要：在这篇综述中，我们研究了可能支撑长 COVID 病理生理学的免疫学机制。这些机制包括对急性 SARS-CoV-2 感染的不适当免疫反应、免疫细胞衰竭、免疫细胞代谢重编程、持续存在的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒库、其他病毒的再激活、影响中枢神经系统的炎症反应、自身免疫、微生物组失调以及饮食因素：不幸的是，目前针对长程COVID的诊断和治疗方案并不完善，需要进行更多的临床试验，使实验干预措施与潜在的免疫机制相匹配。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 医学-过敏

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

3.60%

发文量

105

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： ''International Archives of Allergy and Immunology'' provides a forum for basic and clinical research in modern molecular and cellular allergology and immunology. Appearing monthly, the journal publishes original work in the fields of allergy, immunopathology, immunogenetics, immunopharmacology, immunoendocrinology, tumor immunology, mucosal immunity, transplantation and immunology of infectious and connective tissue diseases.