Glandular trichomes as a source of antifungal metabolites in a karyologically characterized population of Argyrochosma flava: Morphology and histochemistry

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.flora.2024.152456

Ana M. Rodriguez , Marcos G. Derita , Aldo R. Andrada , Valeria de los A. Páez , Mónica Ponce , Olga G. Martínez , Diego A. Neira , Marcela A. Hernández

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Abstract

Argyrochosma, a xeric-adapted fern genus mostly from the New World, includes both farinose and non-farinose species. The yellow farina appears to be a synapomorphy of A. flava. The aims of this research were to study the morphology, location, distribution, and density of glandular trichomes; perform a histochemical analysis of the farina secretion; evaluate the biological activity of farinas against phytopathogenic fungi; and characterize the species genetically by making chromosome counts and building the karyotype of A. flava. Usual methods in plant anatomy and histochemistry were performed. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentrations (MFCs) of farina against four phytopathogenic fungi were determined by the broth microdilution technique. Chromosome counts and karyotyping metaphase plates were obtained from fiddleheads. The distribution of glandular trichomes in pinnules changes along the ontogenetic development of the frond. The histochemical study of the trichomes revealed the complex nature of the secreted material, including flavonoids and terpenes along with other metabolites. The farina was active against the four pathogenic fungi evaluated, with MICs between 31.25 and 125 μg/mL showing the highest inhibition for Monilinia fructicola. Botrytis cinerea displayed a MIC value of only one-fold dilutions more than the commercial fungicide Carbendazim. Cytogenetically, the base number proposed for the genus is x = 27, which is derived from aneuploidy of x = 29. The genus has diploid and tetraploid forms. The results obtained support the important role of glandular trichomes and farinous exudate secretion in the protection against phytopathogenic fungi. The obtained chromosome numbers support the taxonomic placement of A. flava.

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以腺毛为抗真菌代谢物来源的花叶蓟马（Argyrochosma flava）群体：形态学和组织化学

Argyrochosma 是一种适应干旱气候的蕨类植物属，主要分布于新大陆，包括法氏囊和非法氏囊两种。黄色的远志似乎是 A. flava 的异形。本研究的目的是研究腺毛的形态、位置、分布和密度；对蕨类植物分泌物进行组织化学分析；评估蕨类植物对植物病原真菌的生物活性；通过染色体计数和建立蕨类植物核型来确定该物种的遗传特征。还采用了植物解剖学和组织化学的常规方法。采用肉汤微稀释技术测定了远志对四种植物病原真菌的最低抑制浓度（MICs）和最低杀菌浓度（MFCs）。对蕨菜进行了染色体计数和核型分析。小羽叶中腺毛体的分布随着叶片的本体发育而变化。对毛状体的组织化学研究揭示了分泌物的复杂性质，包括类黄酮、萜烯和其他代谢物。叶粉对所评估的四种病原真菌都有抑制作用，抑制浓度介于 31.25 和 125 μg/mL 之间，对果核菌的抑制率最高。灰霉病菌的 MIC 值只比商用杀菌剂多菌灵高出 1 倍稀释倍数。在细胞遗传学上，该属的基数为 x = 27，这是从 x = 29 的非整倍体中推导出来的。该属有二倍体和四倍体。研究结果表明，腺毛和绒毛分泌物在抵御植物病原真菌方面起着重要作用。所获得的染色体数目支持花叶蓟马在分类学上的位置。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.