Independent biodiversity mechanisms regulate ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability under resource enrichment in a mown grassland

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Vegetation Science Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI:10.1111/jvs.13231

Fengwei Xu, Jianjun Li, Liji Wu, Jishuai Su, Biao Zhu, Yang Wang, Dima Chen, Yongfei Bai

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Abstract

Questions

Although the relationships between biodiversity and individual ecosystem functions under resource enrichment have been extensively studied, there is limited understanding of how resource-induced changes affect ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability, along with the underlying biological mechanisms.

Location

Inner Mongolia, China.

Methods

We investigated the impact of biodiversity mechanisms on ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability through a 3-year field experiment. This experiment involved augmenting growing season precipitation and nitrogen deposition, conducted in a typical steppe ecosystem of Inner Mongolia alongside regular mowing.

Results

Our findings revealed that the addition of water (W) and nitrogen (N) had varying effects on ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability. The combination of N and W additions enhanced ecosystem multifunctionality, whereas both W and N + W additions promoted the temporal stability of ecosystem multifunctionality. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that the community-weighted mean height, in response to nitrogen addition, played a key role in enhancing ecosystem multifunctionality. By contrast, increased species asynchrony because of water addition and greater functional diversity in terms of leaf area contributed to heightened temporal stability of ecosystem multifunctionality. Furthermore, the positive effects of community-weighted mean height on ecosystem multifunctionality exhibited a gradual increase with rising threshold levels.

Conclusions

Our study provides the first evidence of the independent effects of selection, exemplified by community-weighted mean and complementarity, represented by factors such as species richness, functional diversity and species asynchrony on both ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability. This underscores how global change factors can directly influence ecosystem multifunctionality and its temporal stability while also indirectly modulating biodiversity effects in the short term. Overall, our findings underscore the vital role of biodiversity conservation in enhancing grassland management and the delivery of ecosystem services in the context of global change, particularly in regions subject to extensive mowing.

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独立的生物多样性机制调节刈割草地资源丰富条件下的生态系统多功能性及其时间稳定性

问题尽管对资源富集条件下生物多样性与生态系统单项功能之间的关系进行了广泛研究，但对资源诱导的变化如何影响生态系统多功能性及其时间稳定性，以及其潜在的生物机制的了解还很有限。地点中国内蒙古。方法我们通过为期 3 年的野外实验研究了生物多样性机制对生态系统多功能性及其时间稳定性的影响。该实验在内蒙古一个典型的草原生态系统中进行，在定期除草的同时增加了生长季降水和氮沉降。结果我们的研究结果表明，水（W）和氮（N）的添加对生态系统的多功能性及其时间稳定性有不同的影响。氮和水的联合添加增强了生态系统的多功能性，而水和氮+水的添加则促进了生态系统多功能性的时间稳定性。结构方程模型表明，群落加权平均高度对氮添加的响应在增强生态系统多功能性方面发挥了关键作用。相比之下，加水导致的物种异步性增加以及叶面积方面功能多样性的增加有助于提高生态系统多功能性的时间稳定性。此外，群落加权平均高度对生态系统多功能性的积极影响随着阈值水平的上升而逐渐增强。结论我们的研究首次证明了以群落加权平均值为代表的选择作用和以物种丰富度、功能多样性和物种异步性等因素为代表的互补作用对生态系统多功能性及其时间稳定性的独立影响。这强调了全球变化因素如何直接影响生态系统的多功能性及其时间稳定性，同时在短期内间接调节生物多样性效应。总之，我们的研究结果强调了在全球变化的背景下，生物多样性保护在加强草原管理和提供生态系统服务方面的重要作用，尤其是在大面积刈割的地区。

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来源期刊

Journal of Vegetation Science 环境科学-林学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Vegetation Science publishes papers on all aspects of plant community ecology, with particular emphasis on papers that develop new concepts or methods, test theory, identify general patterns, or that are otherwise likely to interest a broad international readership. Papers may focus on any aspect of vegetation science, e.g. community structure (including community assembly and plant functional types), biodiversity (including species richness and composition), spatial patterns (including plant geography and landscape ecology), temporal changes (including demography, community dynamics and palaeoecology) and processes (including ecophysiology), provided the focus is on increasing our understanding of plant communities. The Journal publishes papers on the ecology of a single species only if it plays a key role in structuring plant communities. Papers that apply ecological concepts, theories and methods to the vegetation management, conservation and restoration, and papers on vegetation survey should be directed to our associate journal, Applied Vegetation Science journal.