The corrosion mechanism of lead-glazed pottery in Han dynasty

IF 6.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

npj Materials Degradation Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI:10.1038/s41529-024-00428-y

Kexin Zhang, Chen Wu, Jing Zhao, Wendi Yu, Meng Zhao

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Abstract

Ancient pottery, having endured prolonged burial in soil, invariably underwent the process of glaze corrosion. The micromorphology and structural composition of four lead-glazed pottery fragments dating back to the Han Dynasty, excavated in the Qinhan New Town within Xixian New area of Xi’an are elucidated by comprehensive analysis method. The results reveal that the corrosion products predominantly comprised PbCO3, Pb3(PO4)2, CaCO3, and Ca3(PO4)2. Concurrently, the presence of organic substances exhibiting characteristic self-excitation fluorescence in the cracks of the sample is identified through fluorescence microscopy and Fourier infrared spectroscopy. Through a comparative analysis of well-preserved and severely corroded samples, taking into account compositional analysis, observations of corrosion morphology, and the characteristics of corrosion products, it is deduced that the primary corrosion mechanisms involve chemical corrosion, microbial corrosion, and crack corrosion. This study provides a comprehensive depiction of glaze corrosion process inherent to lead-glazed pottery and establishes corresponding corrosion models.

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汉代铅釉陶的腐蚀机理

古代陶器在土壤中长期埋藏，必然会经历釉面腐蚀的过程。本研究采用综合分析方法，对西安西咸新区秦汉新城出土的四件汉代铅釉陶器残片的微观形态和结构组成进行了阐释。结果表明，腐蚀产物主要包括 PbCO3、Pb3(PO4)2、CaCO3 和 Ca3(PO4)2。同时，通过荧光显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱分析，确定了样品裂缝中存在有机物质，并表现出特征性的自激发荧光。通过对保存完好和严重腐蚀的样本进行对比分析，并结合成分分析、腐蚀形态观察和腐蚀产物特征，推断出主要腐蚀机制包括化学腐蚀、微生物腐蚀和裂纹腐蚀。这项研究全面描述了铅釉陶器固有的釉腐蚀过程，并建立了相应的腐蚀模型。

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来源期刊

npj Materials Degradation MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

7.80%

发文量

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： npj Materials Degradation considers basic and applied research that explores all aspects of the degradation of metallic and non-metallic materials. The journal broadly defines ‘materials degradation’ as a reduction in the ability of a material to perform its task in-service as a result of environmental exposure. The journal covers a broad range of topics including but not limited to: -Degradation of metals, glasses, minerals, polymers, ceramics, cements and composites in natural and engineered environments, as a result of various stimuli -Computational and experimental studies of degradation mechanisms and kinetics -Characterization of degradation by traditional and emerging techniques -New approaches and technologies for enhancing resistance to degradation -Inspection and monitoring techniques for materials in-service, such as sensing technologies

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