The key components of a clinical psychology formulation: A consensus study

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Clinical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI:10.1111/bjc.12455

Naomi E. Thrower, Sandra Bucci, Lydia Morris, Katherine Berry

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Abstract

Objective

Psychological formulation is a key competency for clinical psychologists. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the key components and processes of formulation that are hypothesized to contribute to poor reliability of formulations. The aim of this study was to develop consensus on the essential components of a formulation to inform training for clinical psychologists and best practice guidelines.

Methods

A Delphi methodology was used. Items were generated from the literature and discussed and refined with a panel of experts (n = 10). In round one, 110 clinical psychologists in the United Kingdom rated the importance of components of formulation via an online questionnaire. Criteria for consensus were applied and statements were rerated in round two if consensus was not achieved.

Results

Consensus was achieved on 30 items, with 18 statements regarding components of a formulation and 12 statements regarding formulation process. Items that clinicians agreed upon emphasized the importance of integrating sociocultural, biological, strengths and personal meaning alongside well-established theoretical frameworks. Consensus was not reached on 20 items, including whether a formulation should be parsimonious or adhere to a model.

Conclusion

Our findings provide mixed evidence regarding consensus on the key components of formulation. There was an agreement that formulation should be client-led and incorporate strengths and sociocultural factors. Further research should explore client perspectives on the key components of formulation and how these compare to the clinicians' perspectives.

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临床心理学配方的关键组成部分：共识研究。

目的：心理配方是临床心理学家的一项关键能力。然而，对于心理治疗方案的关键组成部分和过程却缺乏共识，而据推测，这正是导致心理治疗方案可靠性较差的原因。本研究旨在就心理治疗方案的基本要素达成共识，为临床心理学家的培训和最佳实践指南提供参考：方法：采用德尔菲法。研究项目来自文献，并由专家小组（n = 10）讨论和完善。在第一轮中，英国的 110 名临床心理学家通过在线问卷对配方的各个组成部分的重要性进行了评分。如果未能达成共识，则在第二轮中对陈述进行评分：结果：在 30 个项目上达成了共识，其中 18 个陈述涉及配方的组成部分，12 个陈述涉及配方过程。临床医生达成共识的项目强调了将社会文化、生物、优势和个人意义与成熟的理论框架相结合的重要性。有 20 个项目未达成共识，其中包括治疗方案是否应具有可比性或遵循某种模式：我们的研究结果提供了有关配方关键要素共识的不同证据。大家一致认为，配制应由服务对象主导，并结合服务对象的优势和社会文化因素。进一步的研究应探讨客户对配方关键要素的看法，以及这些看法与临床医生看法的比较。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

British Journal of Clinical Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

3.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： The British Journal of Clinical Psychology publishes original research, both empirical and theoretical, on all aspects of clinical psychology: - clinical and abnormal psychology featuring descriptive or experimental studies - aetiology, assessment and treatment of the whole range of psychological disorders irrespective of age group and setting - biological influences on individual behaviour - studies of psychological interventions and treatment on individuals, dyads, families and groups