The movement patterns and foraging resources of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) in Franz Josef Land archipelago and connectivity with the Kara-Barents Sea population

IF 2 3区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI:10.1111/mms.13103

Maria Solovyova, Anna Gebruk, Svetlana Artemyeva, Viatcheslav V. Rozhnov, Artyom Isachenko, Renata Lazareva, Pavel Chukmasov, Dmitry Glazov, Yulia Ermilova, Alexander Kokorin, Maria Mardashova, Nikolay Shabalin

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Abstract

The Franz Josef Land population of the Atlantic walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) remains one of the least studied. Here, 26 walruses were tagged with satellite-linked radio transmitters in Franz Josef Land archipelago and Victoria Island in summer-autumn 2020 and 2021 to assess movements patterns and area utilization. In addition, 65 grab samples were taken to evaluate macrobenthic foraging resources. The mean duration of data records was 53 ± 27 days. The walruses traveled on average 29 ± 13.5 km/day with a mean speed of 1.2 ± 0.6 km/hr. The travel speed and distance were statistically different for male, female, and immature walruses. The individuals tagged on Victoria Island remained in the vicinity of the island, while walruses tagged within the Franz Josef Land archipelago moved between the islands, utilizing the entire area for foraging trips. One walrus migrated from Franz Josef Land to Novaya Zemlya in late November, providing evidence of connectivity with the Kara-Barents Sea population. The area was characterized by high average biomass of macrobenthos. Bivalve mollusks, Hiatella arctica, were dominating macrobenthic biomass, likely being the main foraging resource for the walruses. Further observations are needed to better understand winter behaviors of Franz Josef Land walruses and possible impacts of climate change on movement patterns.

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弗朗兹约瑟夫地群岛大西洋海象（Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus）的运动模式和觅食资源以及与卡拉-巴伦支海种群的联系

弗朗兹约瑟夫陆地的大西洋海象（Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus）种群仍然是研究最少的种群之一。在此，我们于 2020 年夏秋季和 2021 年在弗朗兹约瑟夫地群岛和维多利亚岛用卫星连接的无线电发射器对 26 只海象进行了标记，以评估其活动模式和区域利用情况。此外，还采集了 65 个抓取样本，以评估大型底栖生物觅食资源。数据记录的平均持续时间为 53 ± 27 天。海象平均每天行进 29 ± 13.5 公里，平均速度为 1.2 ± 0.6 公里/小时。雄性海象、雌性海象和未成年海象的旅行速度和距离在统计学上有所不同。在维多利亚岛被标记的海象一直呆在该岛附近，而在弗朗兹约瑟夫地群岛被标记的海象则在群岛之间移动，利用整个区域觅食。11 月下旬，一只海象从弗朗兹约瑟夫陆迁徙到新亚泽姆利亚，这证明了与卡拉-巴伦支海种群的联系。该地区大型底栖生物的平均生物量较高。双壳软体动物 Hiatella arctica 在大型底栖生物生物量中占主导地位，可能是海象的主要觅食资源。要更好地了解弗朗兹约瑟夫陆地海象的冬季行为以及气候变化对其活动模式可能产生的影响，还需要进一步的观察。

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来源期刊

Marine Mammal Science 生物-动物学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Published for the Society for Marine Mammalogy, Marine Mammal Science is a source of significant new findings on marine mammals resulting from original research on their form and function, evolution, systematics, physiology, biochemistry, behavior, population biology, life history, genetics, ecology and conservation. The journal features both original and review articles, notes, opinions and letters. It serves as a vital resource for anyone studying marine mammals.