Investigating the synergistic potential Si and biochar to immobilize soil Ni in a contaminated calcareous soil after Zea mays L. cultivation

IF 5.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI:10.5194/egusphere-2023-2687

Hamid Reza Boostani, Ailsa G. Hardie, Mahdi Najafi-Ghiri, Ehsan Bijanzadeh, Dariush Khalili, Esmaeil Farrokhnejad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract. Silicon (Si) is a beneficial plant element that has been shown to mitigate the effects of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) on crops. Biochar is a soil amendment that sequesters soil carbon, and that can immobilize PTEs and enhance crop growth in soils. Considering these beneficial properties, it remains to be investigated how the simultaneous utilization of Si and biochars affects PTEs immobilization in soils. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the interaction effects of Si levels and biochars, to alleviate soil Ni bioavailability and its corresponding uptake in corn (Zea Mays) in a calcareous soil. A 90-day factorial greenhouse study with corn was conducted. Si application levels were applied at 0 (S₀), 250 (S₁₎ and 500 (S₂) mg Si kg^-1 soil and biochar treatments (3 % wt.) included rice husk (RH) and sheep manure (SM) biochars produced at 300 °C and 500 °C (SM300, SM500, RH300 and RH500). At harvest, corn shoot Ni-concentrations, soil chemical Ni fractions and DPTA-release kinetics were determined. Simultaneous utilization of Si and SM biochars led to a synergistic reduction (15–36 %) of soluble and exchangeable soil Ni fractions compared to application of Si (5–9 %) and SM (5–7 %) biochars separately. The application of the Si and biochars also decreased DPTA-extractable Ni and corn Ni shoot concentration (by up to 57 %), with the combined application of SM500+S₂ being the most effective. These effects were attributed to the transformation of Ni from more bioavailable fractions to more stable iron oxide bound fractions, related to soil pH increase. The SM500 was likely the most effective biochar due to its higher alkalinity and lower acidic functional group content which enhanced Ni sorption reactions with Si. The study demonstrates the synergistic potential Si and sheep manure biochar at immobilizing Ni in contaminated calcareous soils.

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研究硅和生物炭在玉米种植后受污染的石灰质土壤中固定土壤镍的协同潜力

摘要。硅（Si）是一种有益的植物元素，已被证明可以减轻潜在有毒元素（PTEs）对作物的影响。生物炭是一种土壤改良剂，可固化土壤中的碳，并能固定 PTEs，促进土壤中作物的生长。考虑到这些有益特性，同时利用硅和生物炭如何影响土壤中 PTEs 的固定化仍有待研究。因此，本研究旨在考察硅含量和生物沥青的交互作用，以减轻石灰性土壤中玉米（Zea Mays）对土壤中镍的生物利用率及其相应的吸收。对玉米进行了为期 90 天的因子温室研究。施硅水平为 0（S0）、250（S1）和 500（S2）毫克 Si kg-1 土壤，生物炭处理（3 % wt.）包括在 300 °C 和 500 °C 下生产的稻壳（RH）和羊粪（SM）生物炭（SM300、SM500、RH300 和 RH500）。收获时，测定了玉米芽中的镍浓度、土壤化学镍组分和 DPTA 释放动力学。与分别施用 Si（5-9%）和 SM（5-7%）生物酵素相比，同时施用 Si 和 SM 生物酵素可协同减少（15-36%）可溶性和可交换性土壤镍组分。施用硅和生物炭还能降低 DPTA 可萃取镍和玉米镍芽浓度（降幅高达 57%），其中 SM500+S2 的联合施用效果最好。这些效果归因于镍从生物可利用部分转化为更稳定的氧化铁结合部分，这与土壤 pH 值升高有关。SM500 可能是最有效的生物炭，因为其碱度较高，酸性官能团含量较低，从而增强了镍与硅的吸附反应。这项研究证明了硅和羊粪生物炭在固定受污染钙质土壤中的镍方面的协同潜力。

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来源期刊

Soil Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Soil Science

CiteScore

10.80

自引率

2.90%

发文量

审稿时长

30 weeks

期刊介绍： SOIL is an international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of high-quality research in the field of soil system sciences. SOIL is at the interface between the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. SOIL publishes scientific research that contributes to understanding the soil system and its interaction with humans and the entire Earth system. The scope of the journal includes all topics that fall within the study of soil science as a discipline, with an emphasis on studies that integrate soil science with other sciences (hydrology, agronomy, socio-economics, health sciences, atmospheric sciences, etc.).