Chondrus retortus (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) in Hawai‘i: a taxonomic and biogeographic puzzle

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI:10.1515/bot-2023-0019

Ronald P. Kittle, Anne Veillet, William E. Schmidt, Suzanne Fredericq, Karla J. McDermid

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Abstract

Members of the genus Chondrus are well-known from temperate and cold waters. Chondrus ocellatus Holmes was reported from Hawai‘i Island (19° N latitude) in 1999 as a new record based on vegetative and tetrasporangial characteristics. The first specimens were collected by Setchell in 1900 in Hilo, HI. The presence of a Chondrus species in the subtropics has been a phycological enigma for over 100 years. We addressed the question of species identity and biogeographic affinities of the Hawaiian Chondrus with fresh cystocarpic material, DNA samples, and phylogenetic analyses. Analysis and comparison of five genes (nuclear: EF2; plastid: psbA, rbcL, and 23S/UPA; mitochondrial: COI) from Hawaiian Chondrus and holotype and topotype material of 10 of the 11 accepted Chondrus species indicate that Hawaiian specimens are C. retortus Matsumoto et Shimada. However, unlike type material, the Hawaiian specimens are commonly pinnulate, vary significantly in secondary medullary filament density, and have mature cystocarps filling the entire medullary space. This study shows the value of using multi-gene loci and comparing multiple sequences of several species to confirm taxonomic conclusions. Our findings suggest that C. retortus may have immigrated via rafting on natural floating material or on ships’ hulls. Solving this old puzzle adds new insight into Hawaiian phytogeography.

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夏威夷的软骨鱼（巨藻纲，红藻目）：分类学和生物地理学之谜

Chondrus 属的成员在温带和寒带水域广为人知。Chondrus ocellatus Holmes 于 1999 年被报告来自夏威夷岛（北纬 19°），是根据无性繁殖和四孢子囊特征而新记录的。第一个标本是 Setchell 于 1900 年在夏威夷希洛采集的。100 多年来，亚热带地区存在一个软骨鱼类物种一直是一个植物学谜团。我们利用新鲜的囊果材料、DNA 样本和系统发育分析解决了夏威夷软骨鱼的物种身份和生物地理亲缘关系问题。对夏威夷软骨鱼类的五个基因（核基因：EF2；质子基因：psbA、rbcL 和 23S/UPA；线粒体基因：COI）以及 11 个公认的软骨鱼类物种中 10 个物种的原型和顶型材料进行分析和比较后发现，夏威夷的标本属于松本等人的 C. retortus。然而，与模式材料不同的是，夏威夷标本通常呈羽状，次生髓丝密度差异显著，成熟的囊瓣充满整个髓质空间。这项研究显示了使用多基因位点和比较多个物种的多个序列来确认分类结论的价值。我们的研究结果表明，C. retortus 可能是通过在自然漂浮物或船体上漂流的方式移居过来的。解决这个古老的谜题为夏威夷植物地理学增添了新的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.