Pharmacokinetics of intranasal and intramuscular flunixin in healthy grower pigs

IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Emily E. Wiloch, Hiroko Enomoto, Lilly Smith, Ronald E. Baynes, Kristen M. Messenger
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Abstract

Flunixin meglumine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug approved to manage pyrexia associated with swine respiratory disease. In the United States, no analgesic drugs are approved for use in swine by the FDA, although they are needed to manage painful conditions. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of intranasal versus intramuscular flunixin in grower pigs. Six pigs received 2.2 mg/kg flunixin either intranasally via atomizer or intramuscularly before receiving flunixin via the opposite route following a 5-day washout period. Plasma samples were collected over 60 h and analysed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry to detect flunixin plasma concentrations. A non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed. The median Cmax was 4.0 μg/mL and 2.7 μg/mL for intramuscular and intranasal administration, respectively, while the median AUCinf was 6.9 h μg/mL for intramuscular administration and 4.9 h μg/mL for intranasal administration. For both routes, the median Tmax was 0.2 h, and flunixin was detectable in some samples up to 60 h post-administration. Intranasal delivery had a relative bioavailability of 88.5%. These results suggest that intranasal flunixin has similar, although variable, pharmacokinetic parameters to the intramuscular route, making it a viable route of administration for use in grower swine.

Abstract Image

健康生长猪鼻饲和肌肉注射氟尼辛的药代动力学。
氟尼辛葡甲胺是一种非甾体抗炎药,已被批准用于治疗猪呼吸道疾病引起的热病。在美国,尽管需要镇痛药物来控制疼痛症状,但美国食品及药物管理局并未批准在猪身上使用镇痛药物。本研究评估了生长猪鼻腔注射与肌肉注射氟尼辛的药代动力学和相对生物利用度。六头猪通过雾化器鼻内或肌肉注射 2.2 mg/kg 氟尼辛,然后在 5 天的冲洗期后通过相反途径接受氟尼辛。在 60 小时内收集血浆样本,并使用超高效液相色谱法和串联质谱法检测氟尼辛的血浆浓度。进行了非室药代动力学分析。肌肉注射和鼻内给药的 Cmax 中位数分别为 4.0 μg/mL 和 2.7 μg/mL,AUCinf 中位数分别为 6.9 h μg/mL 和 4.9 h μg/mL。这两种给药途径的Tmax中位数均为0.2小时,有些样本在给药后60小时仍可检测到氟尼辛。鼻内给药的相对生物利用度为88.5%。这些结果表明,鼻内给药氟尼辛的药代动力学参数与肌肉注射途径相似,但存在差异,因此是用于生长猪的一种可行给药途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
15.40%
发文量
69
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics (JVPT) is an international journal devoted to the publication of scientific papers in the basic and clinical aspects of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology, whether the study is in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo or in silico. The Journal is a forum for recent scientific information and developments in the discipline of veterinary pharmacology, including toxicology and therapeutics. Studies that are entirely in vitro will not be considered within the scope of JVPT unless the study has direct relevance to the use of the drug (including toxicants and feed additives) in veterinary species, or that it can be clearly demonstrated that a similar outcome would be expected in vivo. These studies should consider approved or widely used veterinary drugs and/or drugs with broad applicability to veterinary species.
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