Disease Knowledge and Behavior Regarding Diabetic Foot Among Persons at Different Risks of Foot Ulceration According to the International Working Group Guidelines.

Abstract

Background: This article aims to analyze levels of knowledge and behavior about diabetic foot care and prevention in persons with diabetes according to International Working Group (IWGDF) risk stratification system.

Methods: A descriptive study in 83 persons with diabetes at different level of risk for foot ulceration (IWGDF risk 0-3). A previously validated questionnaire, the PIN Questionnaire, was used to analyze their levels of understanding of foot complications. Participants were responded on a 5-point Likert scale.

Results: IWGDF-3 risk patients knew that good circulation and absence of polyneuropathy in their feet were related to healthy feet relative to the other groups (19.6 ± 2.7, p<.001 and 14.2 ± 0.7, p<.001 respectively). Additionally, they knew that a foot ulcer (DFU) on their feet will not be painful relative to other groups (6.6 ± 2.8, p<.001). High-risk patients knew which physical causes could affect the development of a DFU (18 ± 1.4, p<.001) and that foot self-care and medical control could prevent DFU appearance (23.4 ± 2.15, p<.001 and 13.9 ± 0.9, p<.001 respectively).

Conclusion: IWGDF-3 patients knew the natural progression of diabetes foot complications and how to prevent them. Clinicians should focus their efforts and educate diabetes at lower risk of foot ulcer.