A World by Themselves: Protectionism and the Political Economy of Trade in the Ohio Valley, 1816–1828

IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q4 BUSINESS
Keith Harris
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Abstract

This paper explores American tariff politics and the embrace of protectionism within the Ohio Valley in the two decades following the War of 1812. During these years, residents of the western states navigated the emergence of steam transportation, a growing number of state-chartered banks, and intense population growth. This fueled an economic boom that went bust during the Panic of 1819. Western farmers, merchants, and manufacturers blamed harmful patterns of trade for this economic crisis, which bolstered a distinct regional identity that embraced a properly constructed restrictive tariff as a “western” measure. Consequently, the decade of the 1820s featured the most sustained period of conflict over the tariff issue in the antebellum era. This article examines western participation in conflicts over commerce and roots the political economy of trade policy in changing economic conditions that inspired distinct northern, southern, and western perspectives on trade and economic development. I conclude that both protectionist claims to economic nationalism and free trade embrace of international exchange overlook the individual assessments of local and regional markets that set the terms on which participants in the tariff debates of the early republic imagined future development.

自己的世界:保护主义与俄亥俄河谷贸易的政治经济学,1816-1828 年
本文探讨了 1812 年战争后二十年间美国的关税政治以及俄亥俄河流域对保护主义的拥护。在这些年里,西部各州的居民经历了蒸汽运输的兴起、州特许银行数量的增加以及人口的急剧增长。这助长了经济繁荣,但在 1819 年的大恐慌中却一蹶不振。西部的农民、商人和制造商将这场经济危机归咎于有害的贸易模式,这强化了一种独特的地区认同,将适当构建的限制性关税视为一种 "西部 "措施。因此,19 世纪 20 年代是前贝卢姆时代关税问题冲突最持久的时期。本文研究了西方参与商业冲突的情况,并将贸易政策的政治经济学根植于不断变化的经济条件中,这些经济条件激发了北方、南方和西方对贸易和经济发展的不同看法。我的结论是,无论是经济民族主义的保护主义主张,还是对国际交流的自由贸易拥护,都忽视了对地方和地区市场的个体评估,而这些评估为共和国早期关税辩论的参与者设定了想象未来发展的条件。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
30.00%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: Enterprise & Society offers a forum for research on the historical relations between businesses and their larger political, cultural, institutional, social, and economic contexts. The journal aims to be truly international in scope. Studies focused on individual firms and industries and grounded in a broad historical framework are welcome, as are innovative applications of economic or management theories to business and its context.
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