Physical Activity and Health of Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Across the COVID-19 Pandemic: Differential Outcomes Highlight a Problematic Life Stage.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q4 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
Journal of Aging and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Print Date: 2024-04-01 DOI:10.1123/japa.2023-0129
Michael Annear, Tetsuhiro Kidokoro, Yasuo Shimizu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 caused major disruptions across the super-aged nation of Japan, yet few studies explored temporal changes among middle-aged and older cohorts from baseline to the height of community transmission. Changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior during global pandemics may alter patterns of morbidity and mortality among susceptible aging populations.

Objectives: This study investigated patterns of physical activity, sitting behavior, and health among representative samples of middle-aged and older adults in Tokyo before and during the pandemic.

Methods: Repeated online surveys were conducted with quota samples of 800 Tokyo residents in 2019 and 2021 using validated Japanese-language measures, including the short form-International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Basic Ecological Health Scale-6. Statistical analyses included comparative evaluations of activity parameters by age cohort, gender, and selected covariates. Statistical tests included the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test for Independence and Hierarchical Regression.

Results: Over 34% of respondents were inactive at each data collection point, and 72% reported negative impacts of COVID-19 on their physical activities. Older adults showed no significant changes in their activity and sitting behavior and reported better health compared with those in middle age across the pandemic. Middle-aged males reported a significant decline in total activity of 33% across the pandemic period (U = 16,958, z = -2.64, p = .008, r = .13). Middle-aged females reported the lowest levels of physical activity, and health, and showed a 29% increase in sitting behavior across the pandemic (U = 16,925, z = -2.68, p = .007, r = .13). Subjective health status was consistently associated with higher overall activity and walking before and during the pandemic.

Conclusion: Differential outcomes were identified between age and gender regarding health, physical activity, walking, and sitting across the pandemic with significantly worse impacts reported among middle-aged samples.

Implications: These results have implications for healthy transitions to later life and the design of postpandemic interventions to address activity opportunities in Japan.

COVID-19大流行期间日本中老年人的体育活动与健康:差异化的结果凸显了有问题的生命阶段。
导言:COVID-19 在日本这个超高龄国家造成了严重破坏,但很少有研究探讨中老年群体从基线到社区传播高峰期的时间变化。在全球大流行期间,体力活动和久坐行为的变化可能会改变易感老龄人口的发病率和死亡率模式:本研究调查了东京具有代表性的中老年人样本在大流行之前和期间的体力活动、久坐行为和健康模式:方法:在 2019 年和 2021 年对 800 名东京居民进行了重复在线调查,采用了经过验证的日语测量方法,包括简表--国际体力活动问卷和基本生态健康量表-6。统计分析包括按年龄组、性别和选定的协变量对活动参数进行比较评估。统计检验包括 Kruskal-Wallis 检验、Mann-Whitney U 检验、独立性卡方检验和层次回归:超过 34% 的受访者在每个数据收集点都不活动,72% 的受访者表示 COVID-19 对他们的体育活动产生了负面影响。与中年人相比,老年人在整个大流行期间的活动和坐姿行为没有明显变化,但健康状况更好。中年男性的总活动量在大流行期间显著下降了 33%(U = 16958,z = -2.64,p = .008,r = .13)。中年女性的体力活动和健康水平最低,在大流行期间,坐姿行为增加了 29%(U = 16,925, z = -2.68, p = .007, r = .13)。主观健康状况始终与大流行前和大流行期间较高的总体活动量和步行量相关:结论:在大流行期间,不同年龄和性别的人在健康、体力活动、步行和久坐方面的结果存在差异,中年样本受到的影响更严重:这些结果对日本人健康地过渡到晚年生活以及设计大流行后干预措施以提供活动机会具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
6.70%
发文量
105
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Aging and Physical Activity (JAPA) is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes peer-reviewed original research reports, scholarly reviews, and professional-application articles on the relationship between physical activity and the aging process. The journal encourages the submission of articles that can contribute to an understanding of (a) the impact of physical activity on physiological, psychological, and social aspects of older adults and (b) the effect of advancing age or the aging process on physical activity among older adults. In addition to publishing research reports and reviews, JAPA publishes articles that examine the development, implementation, and evaluation of physical activity programs among older adults. Articles from the biological, behavioral, and social sciences, as well as from fields such as medicine, clinical psychology, physical and recreational therapy, health, physical education, and recreation, are appropriate for the journal. Studies using animal models do not fit within our mission statement and should be submitted elsewhere.
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