Caloric Restriction and Intermittent Fasting: possible strategies for delaying brain aging in humans and animals

Abstract

Calorie restriction (CR) is the strategy that hasdemonstrated a significant impact on slowing thebiological rate of aging and increasing both averageand maximum longevity in a variety of animals. Adiet plan known as intermittent fasting (IF) calls foreating habits that involve prolonged periods of lowor no-calorie intake. The morphology, architecture,vasculature, and cognition of the brain are known tochange as the organism ages. Oxidative stressplays a crucial role in the aging of the brain. Theeffects of oxidative stress include mitochondrialdysfunction, protein modification, membrane lipidperoxidation, nuclear DNA oxidation, and mitochondrial and mitochondrial DNA oxidation.These effects hasten brain aging, neuronal loss, andcognitive impairment. Cognitive ability, long-termmemory, and dementia are improved by CR andIF, which are beneficial for brain andneurodegenerative illnesses. The presented reviewarticle explores recent findings on how two dietaryapproaches, CR and IF, can support healthy agingand improve brain function. We will also explorehow the most studied CR mimetics affect aging andhow they might be used as treatments to promoteneuroprotection.