Profile of acute encephalitis syndrome patients from South India

IF 1 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Rache Suma, M. Netravathi, Gopalkrishna Gururaj, Priya Treesa Thomas, Bhagteshwar Singh, Tom Solomon, Anita Desai, R. Vasanthapuram, Pradeep S Banandur
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Encephalitis is a major public health problem worldwide that causes huge emotional and economic loss to humanity. Encephalitis, being a serious illness, affects people of all ages. The aim is to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, etiological, and neuroimaging profile among 101 acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) patients visiting a tertiary neuro-specialty care hospital in India. Methods: Record review of medical records of all patients attending neurology emergency and outpatient services at NIMHANS Hospital, diagnosed with AES in 2019, was conducted. Data were collected using standardized data collection forms for all cases in the study. Descriptive analyses (mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and proportions for categorical variables) were conducted. The Chi-square test/Fisher's exact test was used for the comparison of independent groups for categorical variables, and t-test for comparing means for continuous variables. Results: About 42.6% of AES patients had viral etiology, while in 57.4%, etiology was not ascertained. Common presenting symptoms were fever (96%), altered sensorium (64.4%), seizures (70.3%), headache (42.6%), and vomiting (27.7%). Herpes simplex was the most common (21.8%) identified viral encephalitis, followed by chikungunya (5%), arboviruses (chikungunya and dengue) (4%), Japanese encephalitis (4%), rabies (3%), dengue (1%), and varicella virus (1%). About 40% of AES patients showed cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis (44%), increased protein (39.6%), abnormal computed tomography brain (44.6%), and magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities (41.6%). Conclusion: The study highlights the need to ascertain etiology and importance of evidence-based management of AES patients. A better understanding of opportunities and limitations in the management and implementation of standard laboratory and diagnostic algorithms can favor better diagnosis and management of AES.
南印度急性脑炎综合征患者概况
导言:脑炎是世界性的重大公共卫生问题,给人类造成了巨大的精神和经济损失。脑炎作为一种严重疾病,影响着各个年龄段的人群。本研究旨在描述在印度一家三级神经专科医院就诊的 101 名急性脑炎综合征(AES)患者的社会人口学、临床、病因学和神经影像学特征。研究方法对2019年在NIMHANS医院神经内科急诊和门诊就诊并确诊为AES的所有患者的病历进行记录审查。使用标准化数据收集表收集研究中所有病例的数据。研究进行了描述性分析(连续变量的均值和标准差,分类变量的比例)。分类变量的独立组间比较采用卡方检验/费舍尔精确检验,连续变量的均值比较采用t检验。结果约42.6%的AES患者病因是病毒,57.4%的患者病因不明。常见症状为发热(96%)、感觉改变(64.4%)、癫痫发作(70.3%)、头痛(42.6%)和呕吐(27.7%)。最常见(21.8%)的病毒性脑炎是单纯疱疹,其次是基孔肯雅病毒(5%)、虫媒病毒(基孔肯雅和登革热)(4%)、日本脑炎(4%)、狂犬病(3%)、登革热(1%)和水痘病毒(1%)。约 40% 的 AES 患者表现为脑脊液多细胞增多(44%)、蛋白质增加(39.6%)、脑计算机断层扫描异常(44.6%)和磁共振成像异常(41.6%)。结论本研究强调了确定病因的必要性和循证管理 AES 患者的重要性。更好地了解管理中的机遇和限制以及标准实验室和诊断算法的实施有助于更好地诊断和管理 AES。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
审稿时长
29 weeks
期刊介绍: JGID encourages research, education and dissemination of knowledge in the field of Infectious Diseases across the world thus promoting translational research by striking a synergy between basic science, clinical medicine and public health. The Journal intends to bring together scientists and academicians in Infectious Diseases to promote translational synergy between Laboratory Science, Clinical Medicine and Public Health. The Journal invites Original Articles, Clinical Investigations, Epidemiological Analysis, Data Protocols, Case Reports, Clinical Photographs, review articles and special commentaries. Students, Residents, Academicians, Public Health experts and scientists are all encouraged to be a part of this initiative by contributing, reviewing and promoting scientific works and science.
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