Intralesional Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide, Methotrexate and Vitamin D in Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Background: Alopecia Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring autoimmune condition that affects a large percentage of women. The most effective therapy is the intralesional administration of corticosteroids. The immunosuppressive action of the folic acid antagonist methotrexate is quite effective in individuals with severe AA. Hair follicles have high levels of vitamin D receptors, and keratinocytes must express these receptors to keep the hair growth cycle regular. Our goal is to learn more about the potential benefits of injecting Triamcinolone Acetonide (TrA), Methotrexate (MTX), and vitamin D3 directly into AA lesions. Intralesional injections of TrA, MTX, and vitamin D for the treatment of AA up to 2022 were studied by searching and analysing Medline databases (Pub Med and Medscape). The papers that were included in the meta-analysis were chosen based on a strict set of criteria. If they met any of the following criteria, we considered them for inclusion: First, it must be written in English. 2. Appear in journals with a strict peer review process. Third, analyse the benefits of injecting TrA, MTX, and vitamin D into the affected joint to treat AA. Extraction of Data: Research Studies were not included if they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The quality of a study may be determined by checking its ethical approval, eligibility criteria, controls, information, and evaluation methods. Our concerned research results were captured by independently abstracting data utilising a data collecting form from each qualifying study. We conclude that intralesional MTX and vitamin D3 may be safe and effective therapeutic alternatives to intralesional TrA for the treatment of localised AA in adult patients. Hair regrowth and the loss of AA-specific trichoscopic characteristics might both be detected at earlier stages thanks to trichoscopy's usefulness.