FREQUENCY OF SAGITTAL IMBALANCE IN PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC ADOLESCENT SCOLIOSIS

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of sagittal imbalance in patients  with idiopathic adolescent scoliosis Materials and Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 20 May 2019 to 19 Nov 2019 on 88 patients by Consecutive probability sampling technique. A standard technique was used for the study radiograph. Data was stored and analyzed using the statistical software SPSS version 21. All the quantitative variables like age were analyzed by Mean, +/- standard deviation. Post-stratification chi-square test was applied keeping P value equal or less than 0.05. All the results were presented in tables and graphs. RESULTS: A total of 88 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were enrolled in this study. There were 22 male (25%) and 66 (75%) female patients. The mean age of patients received was    43 years +/- 13.4 years with a standard deviation of +/-0.23. Regarding deformity severity, there was mild deformity (Cobb angle 10-25) in 33, patients  (37.5%), moderate deformity (Cobb angle 26-40) in 26 patients (29.5%) moderately severe deformity (Cobb angle41-60) in 18 (20.5%) severe deformity (>60) in 11 (12.5%). Fifty-six (63.6%) patients had structural curves i.e. flexible and corrected with the forward Adam bending test. Thirty-two (36.4%) had a nonstructural or rigid deformity. CONCLUSION: Most of the patients having adolescent idiopathic scoliosis have a sagittal imbalanced spine. Spinopelvic parameters like lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, pelvic incidence, and pelvic tilt need to be included in routine workups of scoliotic patients in specific groups like one with a rigid deformity, severe deformity, and advancing age. Spinopelvic imbalance is very important in adult deformity. KEY WORDS: Adolescent Idiopathic scoliosis AIS, Sagittal Imbalance, Spinopelvic imbalance.