The Element of Physical Reality Hidden in the Letter of Malus to Lancret in 1800 can Solve the EPR Paradox (Malus Thermochromatic Loophole)

Abstract

It is extremely difficult to discover an element of physical reality that might solve the “spooky action at a distance” formulated by Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen known as the EPR paradox. One very promising candidate was recently discovered in the letter of Malus addressed to Lancret in 1800. In this letter Malus (the discoverer of the polarization of light in 1808) modelled color as the composition of light and “caloric”. In the modern notation we can formulate the color and heat of polarized photons as the ratio of the ordinary and extraordinary wavefronts of that polarized photon in the Descartes’ model of colors caused by the rotation of spin-orbit of photons. Laser photons pass through the half waveplate where they get color and “heat content”, and then in the process of the spontaneous parametric down conversion, they create two entangled photons. In the pleochroic polarizers of Alice and Bob entangled colored photons modify individually their colors and their “heat content”. Pleochroism from Greek words πλÅLεω (pléon) and χρωμα (khrôma) means “more colors” and in the geological analysis describes dependence of color variation on the orientations of polarizer, analyzer, and the sample. This independent local color change in Alice and Bob polarizers can be mathematically described by the haversine and havercosine formulae. The havercosine describes the probability of a particle to stay on the same latitude. The haversine describes the probability of a particle to stay on the same longitude. In this model the “spooky action at a distance” is interpreted as the “local pleochroism” of entangled photons. This model can be further tested in the “Herschel-type” experiments where the polarized photons heat thermometers in the dependence of their “caloric” content. Bell four states mathematically describe the entanglement of two particles but without the physical interpretation based on the local pleochroism.