The Effects of Top-down and Bottom-up Cognitive Processes in Chinese EFL Learners’ Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition

Yao Fan
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Abstract

This study analyzed the correlation between the incidental acquisition of vocabulary using different processing strategies during reading by 56 native Chinese-speaking students studying English at a university in China. Based on top-down and bottom-up cognitive processes, the study discussed the lexical processing strategies employed by the participants in analyzing unknown words. Based on introspective data collected during think-aloud and the subsequent vocabulary retention test results, the researcher explored the acquisition effects of different strategies. The results indicated that the bottom-up processing strategy showed better acquisition effects than the top-down strategy. Finally, the researcher discussed the reasons why Chinese college students performed better with the bottom-up cognitive approach in incidental vocabulary acquisition while reading, attempting to provide pedagogical implications for L2 vocabulary teaching in China.
自上而下和自下而上的认知过程对汉语母语学习者偶然词汇习得的影响
本研究分析了在中国某大学学习英语的 56 名母语为汉语的学生在阅读过程中使用不同加工策略偶然习得词汇的相关性。研究基于自上而下和自下而上的认知过程,讨论了受试者在分析未知单词时所采用的词汇加工策略。研究人员根据在思考-朗读过程中收集到的内省数据和随后的词汇保持测试结果,探讨了不同策略的习得效果。结果表明,自下而上的处理策略比自上而下的策略表现出更好的习得效果。最后,研究者探讨了中国大学生在阅读时采用自下而上的认知方法进行附带词汇习得的效果更好的原因,并试图为中国的 L2 词汇教学提供教学启示。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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