Cardiac disease risk prediction using machine learning algorithms

Abstract

Heart attack is a life-threatening condition which is mostly caused due to coronary disease resulting in death in human beings. Detecting the risk of heart diseases is one of the most important problems in medical science that can be prevented and treated with early detection and appropriate medical management; it can also help to predict a large number of medical needs and reduce expenses for treatment. Predicting the occurrence of heart diseases by machine learning (ML) algorithms has become significant work in healthcare industry. This study aims to create a such system that is used for predicting whether a patient is likely to develop heart attacks, by analysing various data sources including electronic health records and clinical diagnosis reports from hospital clinics. ML is used as a process in which computers learn from data in order to make predictions about new datasets. The algorithms created for predictive data analysis are often used for commercial purposes. This paper presents an overview to forecast the likelihood of a heart attack for which many ML methodologies and techniques are applied. In order to improve medical diagnosis, the paper compares various algorithms such as Random Forest, Regression models, K-nearest neighbour imputation (KNN), Naïve Bayes algorithm etc. It is found that the Random Forest algorithm provides a better accuracy of 88.52% in forecasting heart attack risk, which could herald a revolution in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular illnesses.