EFFECT OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION TREATMENTS ON YIELD, QUALITY AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY FOR SOME FLAX (LINUM USITATISSIMUM, L.) VARIETIES

M. A. M. Ebied,, M. I. Badawi
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Abstract

: Two field experiments were carried out at the experimental farm of EL-Gemmiza Agricultural Research Station, EL-Gharbia Governorate, Agricultural Research Center (ARC) Egypt during the two successive seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 to study yield, quality and water use efficiency of four flax varieties viz., Giza 12, Giza 11, Sakha 6 (local dual purpose type varieties) and Iriana variety (introduced fiber one) as responded to three different irrigation treatments (1, 2 or 3 irrigations) added during growing season after sowing irrigation. A split plot design with four replicates was used in each experiment. Each experiment included 12 treatments, which were a combination of the three irrigation treatments and the four tested flax varieties. The main plots were assigned to the three irrigation treatments. The subplots were devoted to the four tested flax varieties. All the experimental plots received sowing irrigation similarly on the next day of sowing and 1, 2, or 3 irrigations were subsequently added to the plots during the growing seasons. The most important results as the average of the two growing seasons could be summarized as follows: Significant increases in all straw and seed yield characters were achieved with the third irrigation treatment (sowing irrigation added with three irrigations) followed by the second irrigation treatment (sowing irrigation added with two irrigations), without significant difference between them in most characters. However, the first irrigation treatment (sowing irrigation added with one irrigation) recorded the lowest values for all characters, under study. Significant varietal differences were observed for all studied characters. Giza 12 variety exceeded significantly all other three tested flax varieties in all straw characters. However, Sakha 6 variety followed by Giza 11 variety surpassed significantly the two other flax varieties i.e., Giza 12 and Iriana in all seed characters. Moreover, the Iriana variety recorded the highest values of fiber yield and quality, without significant differences between the Iriana variety and the Giza 12 variety in the most studied characters. A significant interaction effect was observed between the three studied irrigation treatments and the four tested flax varieties on straw characters i.e., total plant height, main stem diameter, straw yield fed -1 , fiber yield fed -1 , total fiber %, and fiber fineness. The highest values of total plant height, main stem diameter, straw yield fed -1 , fiber yield fed -1 , and total fiber % were obtained from the Giza 12 variety when irrigated with three irrigations adding with sowing irrigation. However, the finest fibers were recorded for the Iriana variety when irrigated by applying three irrigations adding with sowing irrigation. Also, a significant interaction effect was detected for seed characters i.e., number of capsules plant -1 , seed yield plant -1 , seed yield fed -1 , and oil yield fed -1 , whereas the highest values of these traits were obtained from the Sakha 6 variety when irrigated with three irrigations adding with sowing irrigation.
不同灌溉处理对一些亚麻(linum usitatissimum, l.)品种的产量、质量和用水效率的影响
:在 2019/2020 年和 2020/2021 年连续两个季节,在埃及农业研究中心(ARC)加尔比亚省 EL-Gemmiza 农业研究站的试验农场进行了两项田间试验,研究四个亚麻品种(即 Giza 12、Giza 11、Sakha 6(当地两用型品种)和 Iriana 品种(引进的纤维品种))的产量、质量和水利用效率,并对播种灌溉后在生长季节添加的三种不同灌溉处理(1 次、2 次或 3 次灌溉)做出响应。每个试验都采用了四次重复的分割小区设计。每个试验包括 12 个处理,它们是三种灌溉处理和四个受试亚麻品种的组合。主小区分配给三种灌溉处理。子小区用于种植四个亚麻品种。所有试验小区都在播种的第二天接受了类似的播种灌溉,随后在生长季节中又增加了 1、2 或 3 次灌溉。最重要的结果可归纳为两个生长季节的平均值:第三次灌溉处理(播种灌溉加三次灌溉)的所有秸秆和种子产量特征都显著增加,其次是第二次灌溉处理(播种灌溉加两次灌溉),它们之间在大多数特征上没有显著差异。然而,第一个灌溉处理(播种灌溉加一次灌溉)的所有特征值最低。在所有研究特征方面都观察到了显著的品种差异。Giza 12 品种在所有秸秆特征上都明显超过其他三个受试亚麻品种。然而,Sakha 6 品种和 Giza 11 品种在所有种子特征方面都明显超过了其他两个亚麻品种,即 Giza 12 和 Iriana。此外,Iriana 品种的纤维产量和质量值最高,而 Iriana 品种和 Giza 12 品种在大多数研究特征方面没有显著差异。所研究的三种灌溉处理与四个受试亚麻品种之间在秸秆特征(即总株高、主茎直径、秸秆喂入量-1、纤维喂入量-1、总纤维%和纤维细度)上存在明显的交互效应。在播种灌溉的基础上进行三次灌溉时,吉萨 12 号品种的总株高、主茎直径、秸秆喂入量(-1)、纤维喂入量(-1)和纤维总量(%)的值最高。然而,当采用三次灌溉加播种灌溉时,Iriana 品种的纤维最细。此外,在种子性状(即蒴果株数-1、种子产量-1、种子喂入量-1 和油分喂入量-1)方面也发现了明显的交互效应,而在采用三次灌溉加播种灌溉时,Sakha 6 品种的这些性状值最高。
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