Cold atmospheric plasma can effectively disinfect SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater

Hongbo Qin, Hengju Qiu, Ke Liu, Bixia Hong, Yuchen Liu, Chun Li, Mengzhe Li, Xiaoping An, Lihua Song, Eric Robert, Yigang Tong, Huahao Fan, Ruixue Wang
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Abstract

COVID-19 is currently pandemic and the detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater is causing widespread concern. Herein, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is proposed as a novel wastewater disinfection technology that effectively inactivates SARS-CoV-2 transcription- and replication-competent virus-like particles, coronavirus GX_P2V, pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 variants, and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus in a large volume of water within 180 s (inhibition rate > 99%). Further, CAP disinfection did not adversely affect the viability of various human cell lines. It is identified that CAP produced peroxynitrite (ONOO), ozone (O3), superoxide anion radicals (O2), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the major active substances for coronavirus disinfection. Investigation of the mechanism showed that active substances not only reacted with the coronavirus spike protein and affected its infectivity, but also destroyed the nucleocapsid protein and genome, thus affecting virus replication. This method provides an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for the elimination of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses from wastewater.

Abstract Image

冷大气等离子体可有效消毒废水中的 SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19 目前正在流行,在废水中检测到 SARS-CoV-2 变体引起了广泛关注。本文提出了一种新型废水消毒技术--冷大气等离子体(CAP),它能在 180 秒内有效灭活大量水中的 SARS-CoV-2 转录和复制能力强的病毒样颗粒、冠状病毒 GX_P2V、SARS-CoV-2 伪变种和猪流行性腹泻病毒(抑制率大于 99%)。此外,CAP 消毒不会对各种人类细胞株的活力产生不利影响。研究发现,CAP 产生的过亚硝酸盐(ONOO-)、臭氧(O3)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-)和过氧化氢(H2O2)是冠状病毒消毒的主要活性物质。机理研究表明,活性物质不仅能与冠状病毒的尖峰蛋白发生反应,影响其感染性,还能破坏核壳蛋白和基因组,从而影响病毒的复制。这种方法为消除废水中的 SARS-CoV-2 和其他冠状病毒提供了一种高效、环保的策略。
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