Comparison of resource utilization by physical function, cognitive function, and behavioral symptoms of residents in long-term care facilities: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to provide basic data for improving the classification system by comparing the service time and the total resource utilization by the residents' physical function, cognitive function, and behavioral symptoms in long-term care (LTC) facilities. Methods: The service time provided by direct service providers was measured in 3,295 residents in 32 LTC facilities, from September 3 to November 16 in 2018. The LTC resources utilization was analyzed by the residents' physical function, cognitive function, and behavioral symptoms, adjusted by facilities’ characteristics. Results: The highest daily total resource utilization per resident was 110.0 minutes in the group with a physical function score 32 or above, cognitive function score under 3, and no behavioral symptom. Total resource utilization increased along with the score of physical function. When the score of physical function is within the same range, total resource utilization increased along with the score of cognitive function. But, in the group with physical function score of 32 or above, there was a inverse relationship of total resource utilization to cognitive function. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the residents' resource utilization correlates with their physical and cognitive functions. It is necessary to ensure ways to provide appropriate LTC services in accordance with their functions.