PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE KIDNEYS AND LIVERS OF RED-EARED SLIDER AFTER PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION OF CEFTIFUR

Abstract

Diseases of reptiles and the principles of their treatment are significantly different from the therapy of mammals and birds, which is primarily related to the anatomical and physiological features of representatives of this class of poikilothermic animals. In the complex treatment of infectious diseases of reptiles, a fairly effective antibiotic is ceftifur, which belongs to the third-generation cephalosporins, which are widely used in veterinary medicine. To study the effect of cephalosporins on the body of reptiles, a histological and ultra-structural examination of the kidneys and liver of Red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) was performed, which were administered intramuscularly ceftifur (at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg) every 24 hours. Experimental animals were removed from the experiment on the 7th day. Histological sections were made using a sledge microtome and cryostat microtome, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Sudan III. Electron microscopic research was carried out using an electron microscope PEM-100-01. As a result of the histological examination and transmission electron microscopy of the kidneys, dyscirculatory changes were revealed, characterized by the expansion and overflow of blood mainly in venous vessels, desquamation of endothelial cells in the vessel lumen, as well as dystrophic changes in the epithelium of the renal tubules. Structural changes in the epithelium of renal tubules were accompanied by damage to mitochondria, expansion of the tubules of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and the accumulation of cytosomes, lysosomes, and autophagolysosomes in the cytoplasm. In the liver, a decrease in the density of melanomacrophage complexes was recorded, as well as a decrease in the number and change in the shape of fatty inclusions in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, decrease in the number of glycogen granules. In necrotized hepatocytes, the nucleus underwent pyknotic changes, the cytoplasmic matrix brightened, and cytoplasmic organelles underwent destruction.