Keragaman Kultivar Lokal Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) di Kabupaten Kutai Timur-Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia

Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI:10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.30539

Maysavitrie Citra Wijayanti Kristianto, Medi Hendra, Linda Oktavianingsih

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Abstract

AbstrakUbi jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan yang memiliki banyak manfaat di beberapa daerah di Indonesia termasuk di Kabupaten Kutai Timur. Informasi tentang keragaman morfologi kultivar lokal ubi jalar diperlukan untuk pemuliaan tanaman ke depannya. Penelitian dilakukan pada Maret-Juli 2021 untuk mengetahui keragaman dan hubungan kekerabatan kultivar lokal ubi jalar berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Kultivar lokal ubi jalar diambil secara purposive sampling melalui metode jelajah di 11 kecamatan, Kabupaten Kutai Timur. Karakterisasi morfologi menggunakan 32 karakter berdasarkan panduan International Board for Plant Genetic Resource (IBPGR). Analisis klaster untuk melihat hubungan kekerabatan antar kultivar menggunakan software MVSP versi 3.1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat keragaman kultivar lokal ubi jalar yang ada di Kutai Timur berdasarkan karakter daun (bentuk, tipe cuping), umbi (bentuk, warna daging), bunga (bentuk dan warna). Hasil analisis klaster membentuk dua kelompok besar dari 23 aksesi kultivar lokal ubi jalar yang ditemukan dengan koefisien 9,671. Kelompok A dengan satu anggota, yaitu kultivar lokal 9 (Gei Meng Hom) yang terpisah dari kultivar lokal lainnya berdasarkan karakter umbi. Kultivar ini dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat asli Kalimantan (suku Dayak Wehea). Kelompok B terdiri dari 22 aksesi kultivar lokal yang dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan karakter daun.AbstractSweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is a food crop that has many benefits in several regions in Indonesia, including East Kutai Regency. Information about the morphological diversity of local sweet potato cultivars is needed for future plant breeding. The research was conducted from March-July 2021 with the aim of determining the diversity and relationships of local sweet potato cultivars based on morphological characters. The collection of local sweet potato cultivars was carried out using purposive sampling using the roaming method in 11 sub-districts, East Kutai Regency. Morphological characterization uses 32 characters based on the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) guidelines. Cluster analysis to see the kinship relationships formed between local sweet potato cultivars using MVSP software version 3.1. The results of the research show the diversity of local sweet potato cultivars in East Kutai based on leaf characters (shape, lobe type), tubers (shape, flesh color), flowers (shape and color), as well as forming two large groups based on the results of cluster analysis on 23 accessions which was found with a coefficient of 9.671. Group A with one member, namely local cultivar 9 (Gei Meng Hom) which is separated from other local cultivars based on tuber characteristics and is a local cultivar of sweet potato cultivated by the indigenous people of Kalimantan (Wehea Dayak tribe). Group B consists of 22 local cultivar accessions resulting from community cultivation which can be grouped based on leaf characteristics.

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印度尼西亚东加里曼丹古泰帝汶县甘薯（Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam）的地方栽培品种多样性

摘要甘薯（Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam）是印尼多个地区（包括东古泰县）的粮食作物之一，具有多种益处。未来的植物育种需要有关当地甘薯栽培品种形态多样性的信息。研究于 2021 年 3 月至 7 月进行，目的是根据形态特征确定当地甘薯栽培品种的多样性和亲缘关系。当地甘薯栽培品种是通过巡游法在东古泰县的 11 个分区进行有目的抽样。形态特征描述根据国际植物遗传资源委员会（IBPGR）的指导方针使用了 32 个特征。使用 MVSP 软件 3.1 版进行聚类分析，以了解栽培品种之间的关系。结果表明，根据叶片特征（形状、叶片类型）、块茎（形状、肉色）、花（形状和颜色），东古泰当地甘薯栽培品种具有多样性。聚类分析结果显示，23 个本地甘薯栽培品种形成了两个大组，聚类系数为 9.671。A 组有一个成员，即本地栽培品种 9 号（黔萌糯），根据块茎特征与其他本地栽培品种区分开来。该栽培品种由加里曼丹原住民（Dayak Wehea 部落）栽培。摘要甘薯（Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam）是印尼多个地区（包括东古泰县）的一种粮食作物，具有多种益处。未来的植物育种需要有关当地甘薯栽培品种形态多样性的信息。该研究于 2021 年 3 月至 7 月进行，旨在根据形态特征确定当地甘薯栽培品种的多样性和关系。当地甘薯栽培品种的收集是在东古泰县的 11 个分区采用漫游法有目的取样进行的。根据国际植物遗传资源委员会（IBPGR）的指导方针，使用 32 个特征进行形态特征描述。使用 MVSP 软件 3.1 版进行聚类分析，以了解当地甘薯栽培品种之间形成的亲缘关系。研究结果表明，东古泰当地甘薯栽培品种的多样性基于叶片特征（形状、叶片类型）、块茎（形状、肉色）、花（形状和颜色），并根据对 23 个登录品系的聚类分析结果形成了两个大类，聚类系数为 9.671。A 组有一个成员，即当地栽培品种 9 号（Gei Meng Hom），它是根据块茎特征从其他当地栽培品种中分离出来的，是加里曼丹土著人（Wehea Dayak 部落）栽培的甘薯当地栽培品种。B 组包括 22 个社区种植的本地栽培品种，可根据叶片特征进行分组。

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Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi

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