Study on rapid multiplication of two hybrid Arabica coffee varieties F1 Centroamericano (H1) and Mundo Maya (H16) through somatic embryogenesis and Bioreactor technology

Abstract

In this paper, the research focuses on determining some components and culture conditions in order to optimise the 4 main steps of somatic embryogenesis and embryo regeneration by Bioreactor of two Arabica F1 coffee varieties H1 and H16, including: (1) formation of embryogenic callus, (2) multiplication of embryogenic cells, (3) embryonic differentiation, and (4) regeneration of somatic embryo using the temporary immersion Bioreactor RITA 1L. The results showed that on the medium supplemented with Kinetin 2 mg/ll and Phytagel 4 g/l, the callus formation rate reached 94.2 and 92.1% for 2 varieties H1 and H16, respectively. Besides, the addition of Glycine 20 mg/l to the culture medium increased the embryogenic callus rate by 58.1% in both varieties. Adding Trichostatin A 0.03 mg/l in the embryo differentiation medium in the first 7 days of culture showed that the number of torpedo embryos was scored from 1g of initial callus up to 1287 in H1 and 1635 in H16. Finally, using Bioreactor 1L-RITA, soaking for 1 min every 6 hours, the regeneration efficiency reached 75.02% in H1 and 82.03% in H16.