Staying in Control? Youth Reformatories, Social Fears and Social Change Under Francoism

IF 0.4 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
Amélie Nuq
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article explores continuity and change in Spain's reformatories. Looking at legal and normative documentation, we could argue, on the one hand, that the Franco dictatorship (1939–1975) found little need to change how the reformatories worked. The juvenile court system, on which they depended, displayed strong similarities to those operating elsewhere in the West, and my empirical study of 2,300 personal and administrative records indicates that the reformatories were always characterized by archaic practices and were chronically underfunded throughout Francoism. On the other hand, after analysing the evolving profiles of adolescents confined under Francoism, we can see the connections with both specific processes of regime-sanctioned change from the end of the 1950s – in particular massive, accelerated, internal rural-to-urban migration – and the goal of the dictatorship of preserving a particular form of social order by maintaining tight control of those sectors of the population it considered a danger (i.e., predominantly marginalized, male adolescents living on the edges of Spain's cities – in the shanty towns ( chabolas) or poor suburbs ( banlieues)). The article also looks at how families from different social classes interacted with the reformatories to achieve their own goals, which overlapped with the dictatorship's while remaining partly distinct.
保持控制?佛朗哥主义统治下的青年感化院、社会恐惧和社会变革
本文探讨了西班牙改革机构的连续性和变化。从法律和规范性文件来看,一方面,我们可以说佛朗哥独裁统治时期(1939-1975 年)几乎没有必要改变感化院的工作方式。感化院所依赖的少年法庭系统与西方其他地方的少年法庭系统非常相似,我对 2300 份个人和行政记录的实证研究表明,在整个佛朗哥统治时期,感化院始终以陈旧的做法为特征,并且长期资金不足。另一方面,在分析了佛朗哥统治时期被监禁青少年不断变化的特征后,我们可以发现这与 1950 年代末期政权认可的特定变革过程--尤其是大规模、加速的从农村到城市的内部移民--以及独裁政权通过严格控制其认为危险的人群(即:主要是边缘化的、住在农村的男性)来维护特定形式的社会秩序的目标之间存在着联系、主要是生活在西班牙城市边缘--棚户区(chabolas)或贫困郊区(banlieues)--的边缘化男性青少年)。文章还探讨了不同社会阶层的家庭如何与感化院互动,以实现自己的目标,这些目标与独裁政权的目标既有重叠,又有部分区别。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: European History Quarterly has earned an international reputation as an essential resource on European history, publishing articles by eminent historians on a range of subjects from the later Middle Ages to post-1945. European History Quarterly also features review articles by leading authorities, offering a comprehensive survey of recent literature in a particular field, as well as an extensive book review section, enabling you to keep up to date with what"s being published in your field. The journal also features historiographical essays.
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