Genetic identification, pathogenicity and patulin production of Penicillium species from apple blue mold in China

IF 3 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Quality and Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI:10.1093/fqsafe/fyad073

Youming Shen, Wenyu Ma, Ning Ma, Mengyao Li, Jianyi Zhang, Guofeng Xu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Blue mold is a common postharvest disease that leads to serious rot and patulin contamination in fruits, which is a key factor endangering the storage and quality of apple products. However, the Penicillium species from apple blue mold in China and their pathogenicity and patulin (PAT) production ability have not been well studied. In this study, 62 strains of pathogenic Penicillium species were isolated from blue mold apples collected from different Chinese regions. The ITS, BenA and CaM genes were sequenced for molecular identification. Penicillium strains were identified as three species with 57 P. expansum, 3 P. crustosum, and 2 P. polonicum. Twelve variants of the ITS sequence, 61 variants of BenA and 67 variants of CaM genes were identified between Penicillium species. Fungal morphology was observed on PDA. After 10 d of cultivation, P. expansum cultures were detected with PAT concentrations ranging from 457.98 to 1333.85 mg/kg, and two P. polonicum strains were 6.02 and 6.30 mg/kg. Three P. crustosum strains could not produce PAT on PDA. In apple inoculation, P. expansum strains showed significantly faster infection rates than P. crustosum and P. polonicum strains. All P. expansum strains can produce PAT during infection, and the concentrations in the rot apple tissues were 2.31 to 88.67 mg/kg. The P. crustosum and P. polonicum strains could not produce PAT during infection. This study provided data and information regarding the morphology, virulence and PAT production of Penicillium pathogens that will improve the understanding of apple blue mold and postharvest disease control.

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中国苹果蓝霉中青霉菌种的遗传鉴定、致病性和棒曲霉素产量

蓝霉是一种常见的采后病害，会导致果实严重腐烂和棒曲霉素污染，是危害苹果产品贮藏和质量的关键因素。然而，对中国苹果蓝霉中的青霉菌种及其致病性和产生棒曲霉素（PAT）的能力尚未进行深入研究。本研究从中国不同地区采集的蓝霉苹果中分离出 62 株致病性青霉。对 ITS、BenA 和 CaM 基因进行了测序，以进行分子鉴定。青霉菌株被鉴定为 3 个种，其中扩张青霉 57 株、壳青霉 3 株、多孔青霉 2 株。在青霉菌种之间发现了 12 个 ITS 序列变体、61 个 BenA 变体和 67 个 CaM 基因变体。在 PDA 上观察了真菌形态。培养 10 d 后，检测到扩张青霉培养物的 PAT 浓度为 457.98 至 1333.85 mg/kg，两株多孔青霉为 6.02 和 6.30 mg/kg。3 株 P. crustosum 菌株不能在 PDA 上产生 PAT。在苹果接种中，扩张孢霉菌株的感染速度明显快于壳斗孢霉和多角孢霉菌株。所有扩张孢霉菌株在感染过程中都能产生 PAT，在腐烂苹果组织中的浓度为 2.31 至 88.67 mg/kg。P. crustosum 和 P. polonicum 菌株在感染过程中不会产生 PAT。这项研究提供了有关青霉病原体的形态、毒力和产生 PAT 的数据和信息，有助于加深对苹果蓝霉病和采后病害防治的了解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Food Quality and Safety FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

1.80%

发文量

审稿时长

5 weeks

期刊介绍： Food quality and safety are the main targets of investigation in food production. Therefore, reliable paths to detect, identify, quantify, characterize and monitor quality and safety issues occurring in food are of great interest. Food Quality and Safety is an open access, international, peer-reviewed journal providing a platform to highlight emerging and innovative science and technology in the agro-food field, publishing up-to-date research in the areas of food quality and safety, food nutrition and human health. It promotes food and health equity which will consequently promote public health and combat diseases. The journal is an effective channel of communication between food scientists, nutritionists, public health professionals, food producers, food marketers, policy makers, governmental and non-governmental agencies, and others concerned with the food safety, nutrition and public health dimensions. The journal accepts original research articles, review papers, technical reports, case studies, conference reports, and book reviews articles.