The Mortality rate of pediatric with COVID-19 with and without multisystem inflammatory syndrome: Single-center study, Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: The medical presentations of COVID-19 in children vary. A newly emerged disorder identified as a multiple system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), mimics the symptoms of Kawasaki disease (KD) present in patients with an advanced form of COVID-19. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the mortality risk for children’s patients with corona virus with or without MIS-C Method: An observational cohort study that performed at the Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, from April 1, 2020, till end of December 2022. Results: A 95 patients met the inclusion criteria. Ten patients (10.5%) had MIS-C, and 50 (52.6%) were male. The mean age of the participants was 44.55 ± 4.31 months. Conjunctivitis, cutaneous rash, extended duration of fever, and elevation of inflammatory markers were significantly associated with the incidence of MIS-C. Amongst the 2 groups, there was no meaningful variation in admission to ICU, requirement for mechanical ventilation or vasopressors agents, duration of hospitalization, and incidence of mortality. Conclusion: This study highlighted the magnitude of exploring MIS-C in children infected with COVID-19 who present complaining of conjunctivitis, cutaneous rash, and extended durations of fever. A large multi-center pediatric study is required to estimate the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients with MIS-C. Keywords: MIS-C, Pediatrics, COVID-19, Mortality