Ethnic Tensions and Global Response: Disentangling the Complexities of the Bosnian War

Abstract

This article examines the ethnic conflicts that engulfed post-Cold War Yugoslavia, with a focus on the pivotal Bosnian War and its interaction with international law. It delves into the historical and socio-political factors that fueled ethnic tensions in Yugoslavia after the Cold War, exploring how resurgent nationalism triggered ethnic separatism and violence. The Bosnian War, marked by declarations of independence, manipulative leadership, and a devastating civil conflict, serves as a grim case study of ethnic cleansing and genocide. The Srebrenica massacre, in particular, underscores the extent of the tragedy. Despite media attention, international responses to the conflict faced significant delays, raising questions about the effectiveness of the UN Peacekeeping Forces. The Dayton Peace Agreement, while bringing temporary relief, reveals shortcomings, including an ethnocentric governance structure that remains a challenge. The article also examines the establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia, which was tasked with holding individuals accountable for war crimes. This tribunal's creation underscores the enduring importance of international law in addressing heinous crimes. In conclusion, this article provides historical context and highlights crucial lessons for international law and the timely intervention needed to prevent such catastrophes.