Impact of operation parameters and lambda input signal during lambda-dithering of three-way catalysts for low-temperature performance enhancement

IF 20.2 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI:10.1016/j.apcatb.2023.123657

Daniel Hodonj , Michael Borchers , Lukas Zeh , Gia Trung Hoang , Steffen Tischer , Patrick Lott , Olaf Deutschmann

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Abstract

A synthetic exhaust gas bench was dynamically operated to investigate the impact of temperature, amplitude, split cycle, mean lambda, gas hourly space velocity, and oxygen storage capacity on average pollutant conversion and product selectivity of three-way catalysts in periodic operation. As temperature and amplitude increase and oxygen storage capacity decreases, the optimal frequency for maximum pollutant conversion increases. This is consistent with faster desorption of CO and O₂ from the catalyst, yielding free surface sites. Regarding the formation of secondary products, the optimal frequency for maximum pollutant conversion does not always correspond to minimal N₂O and NH₃ emissions. The split cycle variation reveals the enhancement of C₃H₈ and NO conversion after both lean-rich and rich-lean switches and C₃H₆ and CO conversion after rich-lean switches at the optimal frequency. As periodic operation does not affect existing engine settings or operating conditions, it is a cost-effective control strategy for meeting future emission limits.

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用于提高低温性能的三元催化器λ-抖动过程中操作参数和λ输入信号的影响

对合成废气台进行了动态操作，以研究温度、振幅、分割周期、平均λ、气体小时空间速度和储氧能力对周期性运行的三元催化器的平均污染物转化率和产物选择性的影响。随着温度和振幅的增加以及储氧能力的降低，获得最大污染物转化率的最佳频率也随之增加。这与催化剂更快地解吸 CO 和 O2，产生自由表面位点是一致的。关于二次产物的形成，最大污染物转化率的最佳频率并不总是与最小 N2O 和 NH3 排放量相对应。分裂循环变化显示，在最佳频率下，贫-富和-贫切换后 C3H8 和 NO 的转化率均有所提高，而富-贫切换后 C3H6 和 CO 的转化率则有所提高。由于周期性运行不会影响现有的发动机设置或运行条件，因此是一种符合未来排放限制的经济有效的控制策略。

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来源期刊

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 环境科学-工程：化工

CiteScore

38.60

自引率

6.30%

发文量

1117

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： Applied Catalysis B: Environment and Energy (formerly Applied Catalysis B: Environmental) is a journal that focuses on the transition towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources. The journal's publications cover a wide range of topics, including: 1.Catalytic elimination of environmental pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur compounds, chlorinated and other organic compounds, and soot emitted from stationary or mobile sources. 2.Basic understanding of catalysts used in environmental pollution abatement, particularly in industrial processes. 3.All aspects of preparation, characterization, activation, deactivation, and regeneration of novel and commercially applicable environmental catalysts. 4.New catalytic routes and processes for the production of clean energy, such as hydrogen generation via catalytic fuel processing, and new catalysts and electrocatalysts for fuel cells. 5.Catalytic reactions that convert wastes into useful products. 6.Clean manufacturing techniques that replace toxic chemicals with environmentally friendly catalysts. 7.Scientific aspects of photocatalytic processes and a basic understanding of photocatalysts as applied to environmental problems. 8.New catalytic combustion technologies and catalysts. 9.New catalytic non-enzymatic transformations of biomass components. The journal is abstracted and indexed in API Abstracts, Research Alert, Chemical Abstracts, Web of Science, Theoretical Chemical Engineering Abstracts, Engineering, Technology & Applied Sciences, and others.