Small RNA-big impact: exosomal miRNAs in mitochondrial dysfunction in various diseases.

IF 3.6 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-04 DOI:10.1080/15476286.2023.2293343
Xiaqing Li, Yi Han, Yu Meng, Lianghong Yin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Mitochondria are multitasking organelles involved in maintaining the cell homoeostasis. Beyond its well-established role in cellular bioenergetics, mitochondria also function as signal organelles to propagate various cellular outcomes. However, mitochondria have a self-destructive arsenal of factors driving the development of diseases caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous group of membranous nano-sized vesicles, are present in a variety of bodily fluids. EVs serve as mediators for intercellular interaction. Exosomes are a class of small EVs (30-100 nm) released by most cells. Exosomes carry various cargo including microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short noncoding RNAs. Recent studies have closely associated exosomal miRNAs with various human diseases, including diseases caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, which are a group of complex multifactorial diseases and have not been comprehensively described. In this review, we first briefly introduce the characteristics of EVs. Then, we focus on possible mechanisms regarding exosome-mitochondria interaction through integrating signalling networks. Moreover, we summarize recent advances in the knowledge of the role of exosomal miRNAs in various diseases, describing how mitochondria are changed in disease status. Finally, we propose future research directions to provide a novel therapeutic strategy that could slow the disease progress mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction.

小 RNA 大影响:外泌体 miRNA 在各种疾病的线粒体功能障碍中的作用。
线粒体是参与维持细胞平衡的多任务细胞器。线粒体除了在细胞生物能方面发挥公认的作用外,还作为信号细胞器传播各种细胞结果。然而,线粒体也有自我毁灭的因素,这些因素导致了线粒体功能障碍疾病的发生。细胞外小泡(EVs)是一类异构的膜状纳米级小泡,存在于各种体液中。细胞外小泡是细胞间相互作用的媒介。外泌体是由大多数细胞释放的一类小型 EV(30-100 纳米)。外泌体携带各种货物,包括微小核糖核酸(miRNA),这是一类短的非编码核糖核酸。最近的研究发现,外泌体 miRNA 与多种人类疾病密切相关,其中包括线粒体功能障碍引起的疾病,这些疾病是一组复杂的多因素疾病,尚未得到全面描述。在这篇综述中,我们首先简要介绍了 EVs 的特征。然后,我们重点讨论了外泌体-线粒体通过整合信号网络相互作用的可能机制。此外,我们还总结了外泌体 miRNAs 在各种疾病中作用的最新进展,描述了线粒体在疾病状态下的变化。最后,我们提出了未来的研究方向,以提供一种新的治疗策略,减缓由线粒体功能障碍介导的疾病进展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
RNA Biology
RNA Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
82
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: RNA has played a central role in all cellular processes since the beginning of life: decoding the genome, regulating gene expression, mediating molecular interactions, catalyzing chemical reactions. RNA Biology, as a leading journal in the field, provides a platform for presenting and discussing cutting-edge RNA research. RNA Biology brings together a multidisciplinary community of scientists working in the areas of: Transcription and splicing Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression Non-coding RNAs RNA localization Translation and catalysis by RNA Structural biology Bioinformatics RNA in disease and therapy
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