Mental health disparities in young adults with arrest history: a survey-based, cross-sectional analysis.

IF 3 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Health and Justice Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI:10.1186/s40352-023-00257-2

Onur Baser, Katarzyna Rodchenko, Yixuan Zeng, Amy Endrizal

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Over 4.53 million arrests were made in 2021 in the United States. People under 26 years of age were more likely to be arrested than older people. Although mental health disparities are prominent in the incarcerated population, the subject has not been closely examined among young adults specifically.

Objectives: This study examines how criminal justice involvement, specifically arrests, affects the mental health of adults between 18 and 25 years of age.

Methods: We analyzed secondary data using the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). The study used a subsample of 13,494 people aged 18 to 25 years, including 7,330 women and 6,164 men. History of arrest was the key independent variable. Depression, serious mental illness (SMI), substance use, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt were the outcome variables. We performed five multivariate logistic regression models for each outcome variable, controlling for race/ethnicity, income, and education level for men and women separately.

Results: Of 13,494 respondents, 6.63% had a history of arrest. Among young women, a history of arrest was associated with significantly higher adjusted odds ratios for all mental health concerns. Most notably, a history of arrest increased the likelihood of substance use by a factor of 15.19, suicide attempts by 2.27, SMI by 1.79, suicidal ideation by 1.75, and depression by 1.52. Among young men, a history of arrest was associated with increased adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for substance use (AOR, 13.37; p < .001), suicidal ideation (AOR, 1.45; p = .011), and suicide attempt (AOR, 1.82; p = .044).

Conclusions: We found a strong relationship between young people having an arrest history and mental health concerns. More specifically, a history of arrest was associated with all mental health concerns among young women, while it was associated with only substance use and suicide among young men. Providing arrestees with appropriate mental health care would benefit them and the criminal justice system by decreasing the odds of recidivism.

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有逮捕史的年轻成年人的心理健康差异：基于调查的横截面分析。

背景：2021 年，美国共逮捕了 453 万多人。与老年人相比，26 岁以下的人更容易被捕。尽管精神健康差异在被监禁人群中非常突出，但这一问题还没有专门针对年轻成年人进行过仔细研究：本研究探讨了刑事司法参与（特别是逮捕）如何影响 18 至 25 岁成年人的心理健康：我们利用 2021 年全国毒品使用和健康调查（NSDUH）的二手数据进行了分析。研究使用了 13,494 个 18 至 25 岁的子样本，其中包括 7,330 名女性和 6,164 名男性。被捕史是关键的自变量。抑郁、严重精神疾病（SMI）、药物使用、自杀意念和自杀未遂是结果变量。我们针对每个结果变量分别建立了五个多变量逻辑回归模型，并分别对男性和女性的种族/民族、收入和教育水平进行了控制：在 13 494 名受访者中，6.63% 的人有过被捕史。在年轻女性中，被捕史与所有心理健康问题的调整后几率比较大相关。最明显的是，有过被捕史的人使用药物的可能性增加了 15.19 倍，自杀未遂的可能性增加了 2.27 倍，SMI 的可能性增加了 1.79 倍，有自杀倾向的可能性增加了 1.75 倍，抑郁的可能性增加了 1.52 倍。在年轻男性中，被捕史与药物使用的调整几率比（AORs）增加有关（AOR, 13.37; p 结论）：我们发现，有逮捕史的年轻人与心理健康问题之间存在密切关系。更具体地说，被捕史与年轻女性的所有心理健康问题都有关，而只与年轻男性的药物使用和自杀有关。为被捕者提供适当的心理健康护理将降低他们再次犯罪的几率，从而使他们和刑事司法系统受益。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Health and Justice Social Sciences-Law

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

8.60%

发文量

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： Health & Justice is open to submissions from public health, criminology and criminal justice, medical science, psychology and clinical sciences, sociology, neuroscience, biology, anthropology and the social sciences, and covers a broad array of research types. It publishes original research, research notes (promising issues that are smaller in scope), commentaries, and translational notes (possible ways of introducing innovations in the justice system). Health & Justice aims to: Present original experimental research on the area of health and well-being of people involved in the adult or juvenile justice system, including people who work in the system; Present meta-analysis or systematic reviews in the area of health and justice for those involved in the justice system; Provide an arena to present new and upcoming scientific issues; Present translational science—the movement of scientific findings into practice including programs, procedures, or strategies; Present implementation science findings to advance the uptake and use of evidence-based practices; and, Present protocols and clinical practice guidelines. As an open access journal, Health & Justice aims for a broad reach, including researchers across many disciplines as well as justice practitioners (e.g. judges, prosecutors, defenders, probation officers, treatment providers, mental health and medical personnel working with justice-involved individuals, etc.). The sections of the journal devoted to translational and implementation sciences are primarily geared to practitioners and justice actors with special attention to the techniques used.